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Describing master budget components

Sarah Edwards, division manager for Pillows Plus, is speaking to the controller, Diana Rothman, about the budgeting process. Sarah states, 鈥淚鈥檓 not an accountant, so can you explain the three main parts of the master budget to me and tell me their purpose?鈥 Answer Sarah鈥檚 question.

Short Answer

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Answer

The three main parts of the master budget are the operating budget, capital expenditure budget, and financial budget.

Step by step solution

01

Meaning of master budget

The master budget is the collection of various budgets and budgeted financial statements.

02

Three main parts of the master budget and their purpose

Following are the three main parts of the master budget

  1. The operating budget: The set of budgets that projects sales revenue, cost of goods sold, and selling and administrative expenses, all of which feed into the cash budget and then the budgeted financial statements.

  2. The capital expenditure budget: The budget that presents the company鈥檚 plan for purchasing property, plant, equipment, and other long-term assets.

  3. The financial budget: The budget includes the cash budget and the budgeted financial statements.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Preparing a financial budget鈥攕chedule of cash receipts

Victors expects total sales of \(702,000 for January and \)349,000 for February. Assume that Victor'ssales are collected as follows:

50% in the month of the sale

30% in the month after the sale

16% two months after the sale

4% never collected

November sales totaled \(388,000, and December sales were \)407,000. Prepare a schedule of cash receipts from customers for January and February. Round answers to the nearest dollar.

Question: One benefit of budgeting is coordination and communication. Explain what this means.

11. Kendall Company projects 2019 first quarter sales to be $10,000 and increase by 5% per quarter. Determine the projected sales for 2019 by quarter and in total. Round answers to the nearest dollar.

12. Friedman Company manufactures and sells bicycles. A popular model is the XC. The company expects to sell 1,500 XCs in 2018 and 1,800 XCs in 2019. At the beginning of 2018, Friedman has 350 XCs in Finished Goods Inventory and desires to have 10% of the next year鈥檚 sales available at the end of the year. How many XCs will Friedman need to produce in 2018?

What is a master budget?

Completing a comprehensive budgeting problem鈥攎anufacturing company The Gavin Tire Company manufactures racing tires for bicycles. Gavin sells tires for \(70 each. Gavin is planning for the next year by developing a master budget by quarters. Gavin鈥檚 balance sheet for December31, 2018, follows:

Other data for Gavin Tire Company: a. Budgeted sales are 1,000 tires for the first quarter and expected to increase by 200 tires per quarter. Cash sales are expected to be 10% of total sales, with the remaining 90% of sales on account. b. Finished Goods Inventory on December 31, 2018, consists of 300 tires at \)36 each.

c. Desired ending Finished Goods Inventory is 40% of the next quarter鈥檚 sales; first quarter sales for 2020 are expected to be 1,800 tires; FIFO inventory costing method is used. d. Raw Materials Inventory on December 31, 2018 consists of 750 pounds of rubber compound used to manufacture the tires. e. Direct materials requirements are 2.5 pounds of rubber compound per tire. The cost of the compound Is \(4 per pound. f. Desired ending Raw Materials Inventory is 40% of the next quarter鈥檚 direct materials needed for production; desired ending inventory for December 31, 2019 is 750 pounds; indirect materials are insignificant and not considered for budgeting purposes. g. Each tire requires 0.30 hours of direct labor; direct labor costs average \)20 per hour. h. Variable manufacturing overhead is \(3 per tire. i. Fixed manufacturing overhead includes \)6,000 per quarter in depreciation and \(10,860 per quarter for other costs, such as utilities, insurance, and property taxes. j. Fixed selling and administrative expenses include \)8,000 per quarter for salaries; \(4,800 per quarter for rent; \)1,950 per quarter for insurance; and \(2,000 per quarter for depreciation. k. Variable selling and administrative expenses include supplies at 2% of sales. l. Capital expenditures include \)25,000 for new manufacturing equipment, to be purchased and paid in the first quarter. m. Cash receipts for sales on account are 70% in the quarter of the sale and 30% in the quarter following the sale; December 31, 2018, Accounts Receivable is received in the first quarter of 2019; uncollectible accounts are considered insignificant and not considered for budgeting purposes. n. Direct materials purchases are paid 50% in the quarter purchased and 50% in the following quarter; December 31, 2018, Accounts Payable is paid in the first quarter of 2019. o. Direct labor, manufacturing overhead, and selling and administrative costs are paid in the quarter incurred. p. Income tax expense is projected at \(3,500 per quarter and is paid in the quarter incurred. q. Gavin desires to maintain a minimum cash balance of \)20,000 and borrows from the local bank as needed in increments of \(1,000 at the beginning of the quarter; principal repayments are made at the beginning of the quarter when excess funds are available and in increments of \)1,000; interest is 12% per year and paid at the beginning of the quarter based on the amount outstanding from the previous quarter.

Requirements

1. Prepare Gavin鈥檚 operating budget and cash budget for 2019 by quarter. Required schedules and budgets include: sales budget, production budget, direct materials budget, direct labor budget, manufacturing overhead budget, cost of goods sold budget, selling and administrative expense budget, schedule of cash receipts, schedule of cash payments, and cash budget. Manufacturing overhead costs are allocated basedon direct labor hours. Round all calculations to the nearest dollar.

2. Prepare Gavin鈥檚 annual financial budget for 2019, including budgeted income statement and budgeted balance sheet.

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