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Clason, Inc. manufactures door panels. Suppose Clason is considering spending the following amounts on a new total quality management (TQM) program:

___________________________________________________________________

Strength-testing one item from each batch of panels \( 68,000

Training employees in TQM 27,000

Training suppliers in TQM 39,000

Identifying suppliers who commit to on-time delivery of

perfect-quality materials 58,000

Clason expects the new program would save costs through the following:

___________________________________________________________________

Avoid lost profits from lost sales due to disappointed customers \) 86,000

Avoid rework and spoilage 63,000

Avoid inspection of raw materials 57,000

Avoid warranty costs 15,000

Requirements

1. Classify each cost as a prevention cost, an appraisal cost, an internal failure cost, or an external failure cost.

2. Should Clason implement the new quality program? Give your reason.

Answer

Short Answer

Expert verified

The cost of taking the quality improvement programs is $192,000. The cost of not taking the improvement programs is $221,000. So it is advisable to take the improvement program.

Step by step solution

01

Classification of the given costs

Prevention Costs –

i) Training Employees in TQM

ii) Training Suppliers in TQM

iii)Identifying suppliers who commit to on-time delivery of perfect-quality materials

Appraisal Cost –

i) Strength-testing one item from each batch of panels

Internal Failure Costs –

i) Avoid rework and Spoilage

ii) Avoid inspection of raw materials

External Failure Costs –

i) Avoid lost profits from lost sales due to disappointed customers

ii) Avoid warranty costs

02

Analysis of quality improvement programs

Undertake the Quality Improvement Program_____________

Prevention

Training Employees in TQM $27,000

Training Suppliers in TQM $39,000

Identifying suppliers who commit to

on-time delivery of perfect-quality materials $58,000

Total Prevention Costs $124,000

Appraisal

Strength-testing one item from

each batch of panels $68,000

Total Appraisal Costs $68,000

Total cost of undertaking the quality improvement programs $192,000

Do not undertake the Quality Improvement Program_____________

Internal Failure

Avoid rework and spoilage $63,000

Avoid inspection of raw material $57,000

Total Internal Failure Costs $120,000

External Failure

Avoid lost profits from lost sales

due to disappointed customers $86,000

Avoid warranty costs $15,000

Total Appraisal Costs $101,000

Total cost of undertaking the quality improvement programs $221,000

As it can be seen from the above analysis, if quality improvement programs are taken Clason can save $29,000 cost.

So it is advisable to take the quality improvement programs.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Martin, Inc. manufactures bookcases and uses an activity-based costing system. Martin’s activity areas and related data follow:

Activity

Budgeted Cost of Activity

Allocation Base

Predetermined Overhead Allocation Rate

Materials handling

\( 230,000

Number of parts

\)1.50

Assembly

3,200,000

Number of assembling direct labor hours

16.00

Finishing

150,000

Number of finished units*

3.00

*Refers to the number of units receiving the finishing activity, not the number of units transferred to Finished Goods Inventory

Martin produced two styles of bookcases in April: the standard bookcase and an unfinished bookcase, which has fewer parts and requires no finishing. The totals for quantities, direct materials costs, and other data follow:

Product

Total Units Produced

Total Direct materials Costs

Total Direct Labor Costs

Total Number of Parts

Total Assembling Direct Labor Hours

Standard bookcase

3,000

\(54,000

\)67,500

9,000

4,500

Unfinished bookcase

3,500

56,000

52,500

7,000

3,500

Requirements

3. Which product costs are reported in the external financial statements? Which costs are used for management decision making? Explain the difference.

PetSmart, Inc. is a large specialty pet retailer of services and solutions for the needs of pets. In addition to selling pet food and pet products, PetSmart also offers dog grooming services including bath, nail trim, teeth brushing, aromatherapy to reduce everyday stress, and nail polish and stickers. PetSmart even offers a Top Dog service that includes a premium shampoo, milk bath conditioner, scented cologne spritz, teeth brushing, and bandana or bow.

Assume PetSmart, Inc. expects to incur \(380,000 of indirect costs this year. The company allocates indirect costs based on the following activities:

___________________________________________________________________

Activity Estimated Allocation Base Estimated Quantity

Cost of Allocation

Base____

Admission \) 60,000 Number of admissions 20,000

Cleaning 240,000 Cleaning direct labor hours 100,000

Grooming 80,000 Grooming direct labor hours 4,000

Total indirect costs $ 380,000________________________________________

Requirements

1. Calculate the predetermined overhead allocation rate for each activity.

Harcourt Pharmaceuticals manufactures an over-the-counter allergy medication. The company sells both large commercial containers of 1,000 capsules to health care facilities and travel packs of 20 capsules to shops in airports, train stations, and hotels. The following information has been developed to determine if an activity-based costing system would be beneficial:

Activity Estimated Estimated Quantity

Indirect Cost Allocation Base of Allocation Base

Materials handling \( 96,000 Number of kilos 24,000 kilos

Packaging 210,000 Number of machine hours 3,000 hours

Quality assurance 114,000 Number of samples 1,900 samples

Total indirect costs \) 420,000

Other production information includes the following:

Commercial Containers Travel Packs

Units produced 2,800 containers 51,000 packs

Weight in kilos 9,800 5,100

Machine hours 1,960 510

Number of samples 560 765

Requirements

3. Use the predetermined overhead allocation rates to compute the activity-based costs per unit of the commercial containers and the travel packs. Round to two decimal places. (Hint: First compute the total activity-based costs allocated to each product line, and then compute the cost per unit.)

Clancy’s Carpet Cleaning Services uses ABC to allocate overhead costs and has computed the following predetermined overhead allocation rates:

Activity Allocation Base Allocation Rate

Supplies Number of square feet \( 0.05 per square foot

Travel Number of customer sites \) 20.00 per site

Clancy cleans the carpets for an apartment management firm. When a renter moves out, the apartment management firm contacts Clancy to clean the carpets in preparation for a new tenant. During the past month, Clancy cleaned the carpets of 23 apartments with 1,200 square feet each. What amount of indirect costs should Clancy allocate to the apartment firm for the month?

Question:Stella, Inc. is using a costs-of-quality approach to evaluate design engineering efforts for a new skateboard. Stella’s senior managers expect the engineering work to reduce appraisal, internal failure, and external failure activities. The predicted reductions in activities over the two-year life of the skateboards follow. Also shown are the predetermined overhead allocation rates for each activity.

Activity Predicted Predetermined

Reduction in Overhead Allocation

Activity Units Rate per Unit

Inspection of incoming raw materials 390 $ 44

Inspection of finished goods 390 19

Number of defective units discovered in-house 1,200 50

Number of defective units discovered by customers 325 72

Lost profits due to dissatisfied customers 75 102

Requirements

3. What major difficulty would Stella’s managers have in implementing this costs-of-quality approach? What alternative approach could they use to measure quality improvement?

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