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Chapter 32: Problem 3

A client had a renal transplant 6 months ago and is taking cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) daily. Identify three precautions that the nurse should be aware of when caring for this client.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Monitor for infections, assess renal function, and check for hypertension.

Step by step solution

01

Identify Potential Infections

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant, which means the client's immune system is weakened. Monitor the client for signs of infection meticulously and educate the client on the importance of reporting symptoms like fever, chills, or unusual fatigue.
02

Monitor Renal Function

Cyclosporine can cause nephrotoxicity. Regularly check the client's kidney function through blood tests such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Be alert for any signs of decreased urine output or swelling.
03

Assess for Hypertension

Cyclosporine often results in high blood pressure. Regularly monitor the client鈥檚 blood pressure and advise them to follow a low-sodium diet and take antihypertensive medications as prescribed.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

immunosuppressant precautions
Taking immunosuppressant medication like cyclosporine significantly weakens the immune system to prevent rejection of the transplanted kidney. This means your body can鈥檛 easily fight off infections. It鈥檚 very important to monitor for signs of infection daily. Look out for symptoms like:
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Unusual fatigue
Educate the patient on the importance of reporting these symptoms immediately. Ensure they understand that even rare symptoms are crucial to mention. Encourage good hygiene practices such as frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who are sick.
monitor renal function
Cyclosporine can sometimes affect how well your kidneys work, a condition known as nephrotoxicity. As a nurse, you should regularly check the patient鈥檚 kidney function through blood tests, specifically serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Decreased kidney function might show up as:
  • Lower urine output
  • Swelling in the legs or feet
  • Increased blood pressure
Explain to the patient the importance of sticking to their scheduled blood tests. Regular monitoring will help catch any potential issues early, before they can cause more significant problems.
hypertension management
Cyclosporine can lead to increased blood pressure, so it's important to manage it consistently. Here are some key points to keep in mind: Regularly check blood pressure: Monitoring should be done at home as well as during clinic visits. Diet: Advise the patient to follow a low-sodium (salt) diet to help control blood pressure. Medications: Make sure the patient understands how to take their antihypertensive medications properly. Encourage lifestyle changes like regular exercise, limiting alcohol intake, and reducing stress. These steps can significantly impact blood pressure management and overall health.

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