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Chapter 6: Problem 97

When xylem and phloem are separated by a strip of cambium it is called (a) Collateral and open (b) Collateral and closed (c) Bicollateral and open (d) Concentric and closed

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (a) Collateral and open.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Terms

Understand what the terms xylem, phloem and cambium mean. Xylem and phloem are types of vascular tissue in plants. The xylem transports water and nutrients from the roots to the shoots and leaves while the phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. The cambium, specifically the vascular cambium, is a layer of cells that separates the xylem and phloem in some plants.
02

Identifying the Vascular Bundle Type

Identify which kind of vascular bundle is described when xylem and phloem are separated by a strip of cambium. In this case, it describes a collateral and open type of vascular bundle.
03

Choosing the Right Answer

Choose the answer that matches the type of vascular bundle. Based on the definitions, the correct answer is (a) Collateral and open.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Xylem
Xylem is one of the essential types of vascular tissue in plants. Its main function is to transport water and dissolved nutrients from the roots up through the plant to the leaves and other growing regions. Imagine it as a plant's internal plumbing system. It ensures that every part of the plant stays hydrated and nourished.
  • Structure: Xylem consists of different types of cells such as vessels, tracheids, xylem parenchyma, and xylem fibers. These cells are typically elongated and help in conducting water efficiently.
  • Support: Besides transportation, xylem also provides mechanical support due to its thick and lignified cell walls.
  • Formation: Xylem is mainly formed during the growth of the plant and is vital for maintaining the plant's structure.
Understanding how xylem operates and its structure is crucial for grasping how plants manage to transport water across various distances internally.
Phloem
Phloem is another critical vascular tissue in plants, working closely with xylem. While xylem moves water and nutrients upward, phloem's job is to transport the glucose produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant, like the roots and growing tissues.
  • Components: Phloem is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma. These cells collaborate to facilitate the movement of nutrients.
  • Bidirectional Flow: Unlike xylem, phloem can move substances in multiple directions, depending on where the nutrients are needed most.
  • Living Tissue: The cells within the phloem, particularly the sieve tubes and companion cells, are alive at maturity, allowing active transport of materials.
Understanding the phloem is key to knowing how food and nutrients circulate within the plant and ensure its growth and development.
Cambium
Cambium is a fascinating layer of actively dividing cells located between the xylem and phloem. It plays a crucial role in the growth of a plant, primarily through a process known as secondary growth. This process increases the thickness of stems and roots, contributing to the plant's strength.
  • Types: There are two main types of cambium 鈥� vascular cambium and cork cambium. Vascular cambium is located between the xylem and phloem and is responsible for producing new xylem and phloem cells.
  • Function: Cambium continuously divides to produce new vascular tissues, aligning them properly to ensure the efficient transport of water, nutrients, and food.
  • Importance in Trees: In trees, the activity of the cambium is fundamental for the formation of growth rings, which can be used to determine the age of the tree.
Cambium is vital for plant growth, not only increasing size but also enhancing the plant's ability to transport vital substances efficiently.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Select the correct matching: Column I Column II A. Tracheids -4. 1 . Elongated and tube like cells with thick and lignified wall and tapering ends. B. Vessels \- 2. Tube like structure made up of many cells, each cell with lignified wall and large central cavity. C. Xylem fibre \(-\quad\) 3. Highly thickened walls and obliterated central humans. D. Xylem parenchyma 4\. Living cell with thin cell wall made up of cellulose. (a) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4 (b) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 (c) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-4\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-3, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-1, \mathrm{D}-4\)

Parenchymatous cells are usually present in (a) Cortex, pericycle (b) Pith and medullary rays (c) Primary stem and roots (d) All of these

Which of the following is true about guard cells? (a) Outer wall is thin (b) Inner wall (towards stomatal pore) is thick (c) Bean-shaped in dicots and dumb-bell-shaped in grasses (d) All of these

In stem (a) Protoxylem lies towards pith (centre) (b) Metaxylem lies towards periphery of the organs (c) Endarch arrangement is present (d) All the above

What is the most common type of permanent tissue found in almost all plants? (a) Sclerenchyma (b) Collenchyma (c) Parenchyma (d) Xylem
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