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Magazine Problem 1
Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys? a. Activation of vitamin \(\mathrm{K}\) b. Maintenance of acid-base balance c. Elimination of metabolic waste products d. Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balances
Problem 2
The nephrotic syndrome frequently results in: a. the uremic syndrome. b. oliguria. c. edema. d. renal colic.
Problem 3
Dietary recommendations for patients with the nephrotic syndrome include: a. a high-protein intake. b. sodium restriction. c. potassium and phosphorus restrictions. d. fluid restriction.
Problem 4
Hyperkalemia is often treated by: a. eliminating potassium from the diet. b. using diuretics to increase potassium losses. c. increasing fluid consumption. d. using potassium-exchange resins, which bind potassium in the GI tract.
Problem 6
The most common cause of chronic kidney disease is: a. diabetes mellitus. b. hypertension. c. autoimmune disease. d. exposure to toxins.
Problem 7
A person with chronic kidney disease who has been following a renal diet for several years begins hemodialysis treatment. An appropriate dietary adjustment would be to: a. reduce protein intake. b. consume protein more liberally. c. increase intakes of sodium and water. d. consume potassium and phosphorus more liberally.
Problem 8
Which of the following nutrients may be unintentionally restricted when a patient restricts phosphorus intake? a. Fluid b. Calcium c. Potassium d. Sodium
Problem 9
Most kidney stones are made primarily from: a. struvite. b. uric acid. c. calcium oxalate. d. cystine.
