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Chapter 34: Problem 114

Which of the following would a nurse find in her assessment of a client that is nearing the end of life? (Check all that apply.) Decrease in time spent sleeping Loss of appetite Alteration in mental status Generalized weakness Periods of apnea Seizures

Short Answer

Expert verified
Loss of appetite, Alteration in mental status, Generalized weakness, Periods of apnea.

Step by step solution

01

- Understand the Symptoms

Assess and understand each symptom listed: Decrease in time spent sleeping, Loss of appetite, Alteration in mental status, Generalized weakness, Periods of apnea, and Seizures.
02

- Identify Common End-of-Life Symptoms

Determine which symptoms are commonly observed in clients nearing the end of life: usually include loss of appetite, alteration in mental status, generalized weakness, and periods of apnea.
03

- Rule Out Less Common Symptoms

Seizures and decrease in time spent sleeping are less common in end-of-life scenarios. Cross-check these against medical literature or guidelines to confirm they are not typically associated with end-of-life.
04

- Compile Results

Combine the findings from the previous steps to list the symptoms a nurse would most likely find in her assessment of a client nearing the end of life.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Client Symptoms
When a client is nearing the end of life, they may exhibit various symptoms. Understanding these symptoms can help provide better care and comfort.
Some common end-of-life symptoms include:
  • Loss of appetite: Clients may eat much less as their body starts to shut down.
  • Alteration in mental status: This can include confusion, agitation, or even hallucinations.
  • Generalized weakness: Clients often feel extremely weak and may have difficulty moving or performing daily tasks.
  • Periods of apnea: This refers to irregular breathing patterns with moments of paused breathing.

Less common symptoms that may also appear include seizures and a decrease in the time spent sleeping. Each client is unique, so symptoms can vary widely.
Observing and understanding these symptoms is crucial for providing compassionate and effective end-of-life care.
Nursing Assessment
Nursing assessment during the end-of-life phase involves careful observation and documentation of a client鈥檚 symptoms. This assessment helps in making informed decisions about care and ensuring the client鈥檚 comfort.
Key steps in nursing assessment include:
  • Observation: Regularly monitor the client's physical and mental state. Note any changes in behavior, appetite, sleep patterns, and physical strength.
  • Documentation: Accurately record all observations and changes. This documentation can be crucial for communicating with other healthcare providers and for family updates.
  • Communication: Keep open lines of communication with the client鈥檚 family and the healthcare team to ensure everyone is aware of the client鈥檚 condition and any changes.

By systematically assessing these symptoms, nurses can provide tailored care plans that address the specific needs and comfort of the client.
End-of-Life Care
End-of-life care is about making the final days of a client as comfortable and dignified as possible. This care involves managing physical symptoms and providing emotional and spiritual support.
Important aspects of end-of-life care include:
  • Symptom Management: Focus on alleviating symptoms like pain, breathlessness, and nausea to improve the client's comfort.
  • Emotional Support: Offer compassionate care and ensure the client doesn鈥檛 feel isolated. Active listening and empathy are critical.
  • Family Involvement: Support the family by keeping them informed and involved in the care process. Provide guidance and resources to help them cope with the impending loss.
  • Palliative Care: Incorporate palliative care strategies to enhance the quality of life for both the client and their family.

Effective end-of-life care requires a holistic approach that addresses the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the client, ensuring their final moments are as peaceful and comfortable as possible.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A child has been admitted to the pediatric unit with gastroenteritis. Which laboratory finding indicates the child is dehydrated? A. Elevated reticulocyte count B. Elevated white blood cell counts C. Decreased urine-specific gravity D. Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit

The drug book states that a therapeutic dose for a medication is 50鈥�75 mg per kg of body weight per day. The child weighs 33 pounds and is to receive the med- ication 4 times a day. What would be the maximum amount of drug the child should receive per dose? Record your answer is a whole number carried out to two decimal places. _____ mg per dose Answer: 281.25 mg per dose; 33 pounds divided by 2.2 pounds per kilogram 15 (the child鈥檚 weight in kilograms); 15 times 75 1125 mg per day divided by 4 doses equals 281.25 mg.

A chronically ill adolescent has been hospitalized frequently for extended periods of time. Because of the severity of the illness and as a result of the hospitalization, the adolescent has been unable to develop a sense of who he is or what he will become. According to Erikson, these deficiencies will result in which of the following: A. role diffusion B. inferiority C. isolation D. stagnation

During discharge teaching, a client asks the nurse how the prescribed antacids relieve heart burn. The nurse鈥檚 response should be based on the knowledge that antacids work by A. decreasing the secretion of gastric acid. B. coating the stomach lining. C. thickening the mucus secreted by the stomach wall. D. neutralizing the acid present in the stomach.

Which intervention is inappropriate as part of the emergent treatment of a simple long bone fracture? A. Application of cold B. Elevating the limb C. Splinting above and below the fracture D. Application of a pressure bandage
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