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Chapter 17: Problem 13

Reabsorption of water through the tubules occurs by a. osmosis. b. active transport. c. facilitated diffusion. d. all of these.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer is: Reabsorption of water through the tubules occurs by osmosis.

Step by step solution

01

Understand osmosis

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. This process occurs until the concentrations of solutes are equal on both sides of the membrane. Osmosis is a passive process, meaning it does not require any energy input.
02

Understand active transport

Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against a concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process requires energy, typically in the form of ATP. Active transport usually occurs with the help of specific carrier proteins.
03

Understand facilitated diffusion

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process where molecules move across a membrane with the help of carrier or channel proteins. Unlike active transport, facilitated diffusion does not require energy input. Instead, molecules move along their concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
04

Apply knowledge of processes to reabsorption of water through the tubules

When reabsorbing water through the tubules in the kidneys, the objective is to maintain the body's water balance and concentrate the urine. This process primarily occurs through osmosis, as water moves passively from an area of low solute concentration in the tubules to an area of higher solute concentration in the interstitial fluid and bloodstream. Active transport and facilitated diffusion are involved in the reabsorption of other solutes, such as sodium, glucose, and amino acids, but not in the direct reabsorption of water.
05

Choose the correct answer

Based on the understanding of the processes, reabsorption of water through the tubules occurs by: a. osmosis.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain how the structure of the epithelial wall of the proximal tubule and the distribution of \(\mathrm{Na}^{+} / \mathrm{K}^{+}\) pumps in the epithelial plasma membranes contribute to the ability of the proximal tubule to reabsorb salt and water.

Diuretic drugs that act in the nephron loop a. inhibit active sodium transport. b. cause an increased flow of filtrate to the distal convoluted tubule. c. cause an increased secretion of potassium into the tubule. d. promote the excretion of salt and water. e. do all of these.

5\. Passively permeable to water and urea a. Proximal tubule b. Descending limb of loop c. Ascending limb of loop d. Distal tubule e. Medullary collecting duct

4\. Passively permeable to water only a. Proximal tubule b. Descending limb of loop c. Ascending limb of loop d. Distal tubule e. Medullary collecting duct

3\. Active transport of sodium; impermeable to water a. Proximal tubule b. Descending limb of loop c. Ascending limb of loop d. Distal tubule e. Medullary collecting duct
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