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Chapter 3: Problem 4

How does meiosis differ from mitosis?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Mitosis and meiosis are both processes of cell division, but they differ in their purpose, stages, and results. Mitosis results in two genetically identical, diploid cells for growth and repair, following one round of division. Meiosis results in four genetically different, haploid cells for sexual reproduction, after two rounds of division.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction to Mitosis

Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. It is generally used for growth and replacement of cells within an organism.
02

Introduction to Meiosis

Meiosis, on the other hand, is a special type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. These cells are used in sexual reproduction and each contains unique genetic information due to crossing over and independent assortment.
03

Differences in Processes Details

In terms of the stages, mitosis has one round of cellular division and genetic separation whereas meiosis has two. The four stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The stages of meiosis include the same stages as in mitosis, but they occur twice: once in Meiosis I and once again in Meiosis II.
04

Difference in Cell Types

Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) cells, that are genetically identical to the parent cell, from diploid cells. Meiosis produces four haploid (n) cells, that are genetically different to the parent cell, from diploid cells, particularly in animals these are the eggs and sperm for reproduction.

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