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Chapter 4: Problem 5

A nectarine is a peach without the fuzz. The difference is controlled by a single gene that is found in two alleles, \(D\) and \(d\). At the molecular level, do you think that the nectarine is homozygous for a recessive allele or that the peach is homozygous for the recessive allele? Explain your reasoning.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The nectarine is likely homozygous for the recessive allele. Since fuzz-less peaches (nectarines) are less common than peaches with fuzz, it indicates that having fuzz is a dominant trait. The nectarine, lacking the trait, must therefore be homozygous for the recessive allele.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the phenotypes and the given alleles

From the exercise, it's clear that the peach has fuzz and the nectarine does not. Additionally, it is given that there are two alleles: \(D\) and \(d\) that control this trait.
02

Understanding the mechanism of recessive and dominant alleles

In genetics, the dominant allele is the variant of a gene that will produce a characteristic regardless of the presence of another allele. The recessive allele requires two copies (making the organism homozygous for that allele) to produce the characteristic. Dominant traits therefore typically appear more commonly than recessive traits.
03

Applying the concepts to the given problem

Since it's known that peaches with fuzz are more common than nectarines without fuzz, it can be concluded that the fuzz is a dominant trait. Hence, the peach is homozygous for \(D\) (the dominant allele), and the nectarine is homozygous for \(d\) (the recessive allele).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In chickens, the Leghorn variety has white feathers due to an autosomal dominant allele. Silkies have white feathers due to a recessive allele in a second (different) gene. If a true-breeding white Leghorn is crossed to a true-breeding white Silkie, what is the expected phenotype of the \(F_{1}\) generation? If members of the \(F_{1}\) generation are mated to each other, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) generation? Assume the chickens in the parental generation are homozygous for the white allele at one gene and homozygous for the brown allele at the other gene. In subsequent generations, nonwhite birds will be brown.

Incontinentia pigmenti, a rare, X-linked dominant disorder in humans, is characterized by swirls of pigment in the skin. If an affected female, who had an unaffected father, has children with an unaffected male, what are the predicted ratios of affected and unaffected sons and daughters?

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. If a heterozygous woman has children with an unaffected man, what is the probability of each of the following combinations of children? A. An affected son B. Four unaffected offspring in a row C. An unaffected daughter or son D. Two affected offspring out of five

Three coat-color patterns that occur in some breeds of horses are termed cremello (beige), chestnut (brown), and palomino (golden with light mane and tail). If two palomino horses are mated, they produce about \(1 / 4\) cremello, \(1 / 4\) chestnut, and \(1 / 2\) palomino offspring. In contrast, cremello horses and chestnut horses breed true. (In other words, two cremello horses will produce only cremello offspring, and two chestnut horses will produce only chestnut offspring.) Explain this pattern of inheritance.

A human disease known as vitamin D-resistant rickets is inherited as an X-linked dominant trait. If a male with the disease produces children with a female who does not have the disease, what is the expected ratio of affected and unaffected offspring?
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