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Chapter 28: Problem 1

Give several examples of quantitative traits. How are these quantitative traits described within groups of individuals?

Short Answer

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Quantitative traits are those influenced by multiple genes and which can be measured numerically, such as height, weight, and blood pressure. Within groups, these traits typically form a normal bell curve distribution ranging from one extreme to another with majority of individuals around the average. This distribution is usually described using statistical parameters such as mean and standard deviation.

Step by step solution

01

Define Quantitative Traits

Quantitative traits refer to traits that are influenced by multiple genes and can be measured numerically. They typically follow a normal distribution and have a phenotypic value that can range across a continuum.
02

Examples of Quantitative Traits

Examples of quantitative traits include: height, weight, blood pressure and intelligence. These traits are often influenced by multiple genes as well as environmental factors.
03

Describe Quantitative Traits within Groups

Quantitative traits within a group of individuals can be described using statistical methods. The distribution of quantitative traits often forms a bell curve, ranging from one extreme to another with most individuals around the average or mean value. Important parameters in describing this distribution are the mean (average), median (the middle value) and the standard deviation (a measure of variation within the group).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When a correlation coefficient is statistically significant, what do you conclude about the two variables? What do the results mean with regard to cause and effect?

At the molecular level, explain why quantitative traits often exhibit a continuum of phenotypes within a population. How does the environment help produce this continuum?

With regard to heterosis, is each of the following statements consistent with the dominance hypothesis, the overdominance hypothesis, or both? A. Strains that have been highly inbred have become monomorphic for one or more recessive alleles that are somewhat detrimental to the organism. B. Hybrid vigor occurs because highly inbred strains are monomorphic for many genes, whereas hybrids are more likely to be heterozygous for those same genes. C. If a gene exists in two alleles, hybrids are more vigorous because heterozygosity for the gene is more beneficial than homozygosity of either allele.

What does it mean when a correlation coefficient is negative? Can you think of examples?

What is a normal distribution? Discuss this curve with regard to quantitative traits within a population. What is the relationship between the standard deviation and the normal distribution?
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