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Chapter 27: Problem 2

In genetics, what does the term population mean? Pick any species you like and describe how its population might change over the course of many generations.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In genetics, a 'population' refers to a group of individuals from the same species in a specific geographic area that can interbreed. With reference to red foxes, population changes could occur over generations due to factors like environmental variations, predator quantities, and genetic traits that affect survival rates.

Step by step solution

01

Define Population in Genetics

In genetics, the term 'population' refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific geographic area that can interbreed. Populations are the unit of evolution; changes in allele frequency over time happen in this level.
02

Choose a Species

For exemplification, let's take the fox species Vulpes vulpes, known as the red fox.
03

Discuss Factors Impacting Population

In a wild population of red foxes, various factors might bring about a change in the population over the course of many generations. These factors include but are not limited to: environment changes such as temperature and living conditions, food availability, disease, predation, the breeding period, and genetic variation within the population.
04

Illustrate Population Change

Assuming an increase in a predator of the red fox over time, this might lead to a decline in the fox population. However, within the fox population, some individuals might possess certain genetic traits - such as better camouflage or speed - which will increase their survival rates. These specific traits can then start dominating the gene pool as they get passed down over generations, leading to a genetically distinct population that's more adapted to predator presence.
05

Conclude

Thus, while a population refers to interbreeding individuals of the same species, its genetic makeup can significantly change over generations due to factors like environmental conditions and the effect of genetic traits on survival and reproduction

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Most popular questions from this chapter

With regard to genetic drift, are the following statements true or false? If a statement is false, explain why. A. Over the long run, genetic drift leads to allele fixation or loss. B. When a new mutation occurs within a population, genetic drift is more likely to cause the loss of the new allele rather than the fixation of the new allele. C. Genetic drift promotes genetic diversity in large populations. D. Genetic drift is more significant in small populations.

What is the difference between a neutral and an adaptive evolutionary process? Describe two or more examples of each. At the molecular level, explain how mutations can be neutral or adaptive.

In a population, the frequencies of two alleles are \(B=0.67\) and \(b=\) \(0.33\). The genotype frequencies are \(B B=0.50, B b=0.37\), and \(b b=\) \(0.13\). Do these numbers suggest inbreeding? Explain why or why not.

When two populations frequently intermix due to migration, what are the long- term consequences with regard to allele frequencies and genetic variation?

For a gene existing in two alleles, what are the allele frequencies when the heterozygote frequency is at its maximum value, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What if there are three alleles?
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