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Chapter 26: Problem 7

Explain what a morphogen is, and describe how it exerts its effects. What do you expect will happen when a morphogen is expressed in the wrong place in an embryo? List five examples of morphogens that function in Drosophila.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Morphogens are substances that determine cell fate by influencing gene expression, through their concentration gradients in developmental organisms. Any misplaced morphogen may cause developmental defects due to inappropriate messages to the cells. In Drosophila, examples of morphogens include Bicoid protein, Dorsal protein, Hedgehog, Decapentaplegic (Dpp), and Wingless (Wg).

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Morphogen

A morphogen is a substance responsible for determining the fate of cells in the development process of organisms. It exists in different concentrations in different parts of an embryo and influences the developmental path a cell takes by altering gene expression.
02

Effects of Morphogen

Morphogens aid in the formation of various organs and tissues in the body by providing signals to embryonic cells. The specific action it exerts depends on its concentration gradient, with different concentration levels triggering different developmental responses.
03

Consequences of a Misplaced Morphogen

When a morphogen is expressed in the wrong place in an embryo, it could disrupt normal development by establishing inappropriate concentration gradients. This might lead to defects in the development process and aberrations in the formed organs or tissues.
04

Examples of Morphogens in Drosophila

The following are examples of morphogens in Drosophila: 1. Bicoid protein, 2. Dorsal protein, 3. Hedgehog, 4. Decapentaplegic (Dpp), 5. Wingless (Wg). Each of these morphogens has a distinct function in the development of Drosophila.

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