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Chapter 22: Problem 3

What is bioremediation? What is the difference between biotransformation and biodegradation?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Bioremediation is the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants. Biotransformation is the process of chemical modification made by an organism on a chemical compound while biodegradation is the process by which organic substances are broken down by living organisms. The difference between the two lies in the fact that biotransformation modifies the molecule while biodegradation breaks it down.

Step by step solution

01

Define bioremediation

Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. It is a process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate the growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.
02

Define biotransformation

Biotransformation is the chemical modification (or modifications) made by an organism on a chemical compound. It's the process that makes non-polar compounds to polar compounds through the introduction of a functional group(s). These transformation reactions can be either oxidative or reductive.
03

Define biodegradation

Biodegradation is the process by which organic substances are broken down into simpler substances by living organisms. The process involves the oxidation or reduction of the pollutants to water, carbon dioxide, and common inorganic substances or the assimilation into the cell structure of the microorganism.
04

Distinguish between biotransformation and biodegradation

Biotransformation involves the modification of the molecule through the addition of functional groups while biodegradation involves the breaking down of the molecule. So, in simple terms, biotransformation is a part of the larger process of biodegradation.

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