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Chapter 18: Problem 7

Compare and contrast the entry step of the viral reproductive cycle of phage \(\lambda\) and HIV.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In contrast, phage 位 attaches to a bacteria and injects its DNA, while HIV binds to immune cell receptors and releases its RNA into the cell. However, both have to bind to the host and inject their genetic material to begin reproduction.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding phage 位 entry

Phage 位 attaches itself to the outer membrane of a bacteria, it then injects its DNA into the bacteria, leaving its protein coat outside. This DNA is then incorporated into the bacterial cell's DNA, launching the reproductive cycle.
02

Understanding HIV entry

HIV uses a completely different approach. It binds to receptors on the host's immune cells (commonly the CD4 receptor and a co-receptor), it then fuses its viral envelope with the cell membrane and releases its RNA and enzymes into the host's cell.
03

Comparing and contrasting

Both phage 位 and HIV must bind to the host cell and inject their genetic material to begin reproduction. However, the binding and entry processes are distinctly different as they affect different types of cells 鈥� bacteria for 位 phage and immune cells for HIV. Furthermore, phage 位 injects DNA whilst HIV releases RNA.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

With regard to promoting the lytic or lysogenic cycle, what would happen if the following genes were missing from the \(\lambda\) genome? A. \(c r o\) B. \(c I\) C. \(c\) II D. int E. \(c I I\) and \(c r o\)

Explain the role of RNase \(\mathrm{H}\) (a component of reverse transcriptase) during the synthesis of HIV DNA.

What is a prophage, a provirus, and an episome? What is their common role in a viral reproductive cycle?

Describe the role of the Gag polyprotein during the assembly of HIV components at the host-cell plasma membrane.

What key features distinguish the lytic from the lysogenic cycle?
See all solutions

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