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Chapter 12: Problem 3

What is the meaning of the term consensus sequence? Give an example. Describe the locations of consensus sequences within bacterial promoters. What are their functions?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Consensus sequence is a a sequence of DNA having similar structure and function in different organisms. Examples include the TATA box in eukaryotes and the -10 and -35 regions in bacterial promoters that serve as binding sites for transcription factors and RNA polymerase respectively.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Consensus Sequence

Consensus sequence is a sequence of DNA having similar structure and function in different organisms. It is a way of representing the results of a multiple sequence alignment, where conserved sequences are represented as the sequence itself and the variability is represented as 'N'.
02

Example of Consensus Sequence

An example of consensus sequence is the TATA box (TATAAA) found about 25 to 30 base pairs before the start site of a gene in eukaryotes. It is part of the promoter region and aids in the transcription process.
03

Locations of Consensus Sequences within Bacterial Promoters

In bacterial promoters, consensus sequences are usually found at -10 and -35 positions upstream of the transcription start site. These are known as the -10 (Pribnow box) and -35 regions.
04

Functions of Consensus Sequences

Consensus sequences serve as binding sites for RNA polymerase and other transcription factors. They play a crucial role in the initiation of transcription. The -10 and -35 regions in bacterial promoters are identified by the bacterial RNA polymerase, which binds to these regions and start the process of transcription.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is meant by the term self-splicing? What types of introns are self- splicing?

Describe what happens to the chemical bonding interactions when transcriptional termination occurs. Be specific about the type of chemical bonding.

Figure \(12.21\) shows the products of alternative splicing for the \(\alpha\)-tropomyosin pre-mRNA. Let's suppose that smooth muscle cells produce splicing factors that are not produced in other cell types. Explain where you think such splicing factors bind and how they influence the splicing of the \(\alpha\)-tropomyosin pre-mRNA.

What is the function of a splicing factor? Explain how splicing factors can regulate the cell-specific splicing of mRNAs.

Discuss the similarities and differences between RNA polymerase (described in this chapter) and DNA polymerase (described in Chapter 11).
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