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Chapter 10: Problem 10

What is the function of a centromere? At what stage of the cell cycle would you expect the centromere to be the most important?

Short Answer

Expert verified
A centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. Its function becomes crucial in the metaphase stage of mitosis, where it aids in chromosome alignment and separation.

Step by step solution

01

Defining Centromere

A centromere is a region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are joined and where spindle fibers attach during cell division. It is crucial for correct chromosome alignment and separation during cell division.
02

Role of Centromere in Cell Division

The role of centromere becomes vitally important in the stages of cell division, particularly during mitosis and meiosis, where separation of sister chromatids occur.
03

Centromere Importance in the Cell Cycle

Centromeres are most important during the metaphase stage of mitosis. During this stage, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate with the help of spindle fibers attached to the centromeres.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the structures of a nucleosome and a 30-nm fiber.

A typical eukaryotic chromosome found in humans contains about 100 million bp. As noted in Chapter 9 , one DNA base pair has a linear length of \(0.34 \mathrm{~nm}\). A. What is the linear length of the DNA in a typical human chromosome in micrometers? B. What is the linear length of a 30-nm fiber of a typical human chromosome? C. Based on your calculation in part B, would a typical human chromosome fit inside the nucleus (with a diameter of \(5 \mu \mathrm{m}\) ) if the 30-nm fiber was stretched out in a linear manner? If not, explain how a typical human chromosome fits inside the nucleus during interphase.

What are the roles of the core histone proteins and of histone \(\mathrm{H} 1\) in the compaction of eukaryotic DNA?

What is a bacterial nucleoid? With regard to cellular membranes, what is the difference between a bacterial nucleoid and a eukaryotic nucleus?

Discuss the differences between the compaction levels of metaphase chromosomes and those of interphase chromosomes. When would you expect gene transcription and DNA replication to take place, during M phase or interphase? Explain why.
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