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Chapter 5: Problem 6

Which of the following are characteristics of thick skin? (Circle all that apply.) a. Located over the palms and the soles of the feet. d. Very thick stratum corneum. b. Contains hair and arrector pili muscles. e. Contains sebaceous glands. c. Contains sweat glands. f. Contains a stratum lucidum.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Characteristics: (a), (c), (d), and (f).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Question

The exercise asks us to identify characteristics of thick skin. Thick skin is a type of human skin mostly found in specific areas of the body.
02

Characteristic of Thick Skin: Location

Thick skin is found in areas of the body that require additional protection and are subject to high levels of friction, such as the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. This matches option (a).
03

Characteristic of Thick Skin: Stratum Corneum

Thick skin has a very thick stratum corneum. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, providing protection, and is indeed very thick in thick skin. This matches option (d).
04

Characteristic of Thick Skin: Stratum Lucidum

Thick skin contains a stratum lucidum, which is an additional layer of the epidermis not found in thin skin. This layer helps protect against damage from abrasion. This matches option (f).
05

Characteristic Not of Thick Skin: Hair and Arrector Pili Muscles

Thick skin does not contain hair or arrector pili muscles, which are small muscles attached to hair follicles. Hence, option (b) is not a characteristic of thick skin.
06

Characteristic Not of Thick Skin: Sebaceous Glands

Thick skin lacks sebaceous glands, which are responsible for secreting oils. This is why options (e) does not apply to thick skin.
07

Characteristic of Thick Skin: Sweat Glands

Thick skin does contain sweat glands, which help in thermoregulation and excretion. This matches option (c).
08

Conclusion

The characteristics of thick skin are represented by options (a), (c), (d), and (f).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Thick Skin
Thick skin is a specialized type of human skin primarily found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. These areas are subjected to continuous pressure and friction, needing extra protection. Thick skin serves this purpose effectively due to its unique structural attributes and is quite different from the more common thin skin found elsewhere on the body.

Here are a few distinct features of thick skin:
  • It does not contain hair, unlike thin skin.
  • It lacks sebaceous glands, which are responsible for producing oils to keep skin moisturized.
  • It includes more sensory receptors, making it responsive to stimuli.
Understanding thick skin's characteristics helps comprehend how our bodies adapt to specific environments and demands. This adaptation is crucial for activities requiring grip and protection, like walking and holding objects.
Stratum Corneum
The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the skin's epidermis. It acts as a vital barrier between your body and the environment. In thick skin, this layer is much more pronounced, making it robust and tough.

Characteristics of the stratum corneum include:
  • Composed of dead skin cells that are regularly shed and replaced.
  • Offers protection against pathogens, UV rays, and mechanical stress.
  • Prevents water loss, maintaining skin hydration.
In regions with thick skin, a thicker stratum corneum enhances its protective qualities, which is why the palms and soles are less susceptible to injury than other skin areas. This layer's resilience underscores the importance of cellular turnover in maintaining healthy skin function.
Stratum Lucidum
The stratum lucidum is a translucent layer present exclusively in thick skin. This layer is situated between the stratum corneum and the underlying layer known as the stratum granulosum.

Essential characteristics of the stratum lucidum:
  • Composed of several layers of dead keratinocytes.
  • Its translucency contributes to the glowing appearance associated with healthy skin.
  • Provides an additional layer of protection, enhancing skin's ability to absorb impacts.
The presence of the stratum lucidum in thick skin adds to its durability. This layer's role is crucial in areas exposed to repeated pressure and friction, ensuring that the thicker regions of skin regenerate efficiently.
Sweat Glands
Sweat glands, or sudoriferous glands, are prominent in thick skin areas, aiding bodily functions through sweat secretion. They are essential for thermoregulation and excretion of metabolic waste products.

Key aspects of sweat glands in thick skin include:
  • Help regulate body temperature by releasing sweat, which cools the body through evaporation.
  • Assist in eliminating waste products from the body.
  • Support skin hydration by providing additional moisture.
The presence of sweat glands in thick skin is vital for maintaining homeostasis. These glands ensure that, despite the thick protective barriers, the skin can still perform its essential roles in temperature regulation and waste elimination.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Matching: Match the following terms with the correct description A. Secretes product through a pore B. Pressure receptor in the dermis C. Projections of the dermis that indent the epidermis D. Location of the dividing cells of the nail E. Sheath of epithelial and connective tissue around a hair F. Thin growth of the proximal nail fold over the proximal nail plate G. Secretes sebum (oil) H. Portion of the hair that projects from the skin's surface ___________Nail matrix ___________Sebaceous gland ___________Lamellated corpuscle ___________Hair follicle ___________Dermal papillae ___________Hair shaft ___________Eponychium ___________Sweat gland

From where do the cells of the epidermis obtain oxygen and nutrients? a. From blood vessels in the epidermis. c. Diffusion from the air. b. Diffusion from blood vessels in the dermis. d. From blood vessels in other epithelial tissues.

Which layers of the epidermis contain living cells? a. Stratum granulosum only. d. All of the layers of the epidermis contain living cells. b. Stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum. e. None of the layers of the epidermis contain living cells. c. Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum.

You develop a callus, which is a thickening of the epidermis, from a pair of ill-fitting shoes. a To treat the callus, you decide to shave off some of the excess epidermis. While doing this, you notice that there is no pain or bleeding. Why wouldn't it cause pain to remove only the superficial part of the epidermis? Why wouldn't it bleed?_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ b Unfortunately, you go a bit overboard and feel a sudden pinch, after which you notice you are bleeding. What has happened? Are you still in the epidermis? Explain._____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Number the layers of the epidermis, with 1 being the most superficial layer and 5 being the deepest layer. ___________Stratum lucidum ___________Stratum spinosum ___________Stratum basale ___________Stratum granulosum ___________Stratum corneum
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