/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 14 Distinguish between (a) unidirec... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 11: Problem 14

Distinguish between (a) unidirectional and bidirectional synthesis, and (b) continuous and discontinuous synthesis of DNA.

Short Answer

Expert verified
#Answer# The differences between unidirectional and bidirectional synthesis are that in unidirectional synthesis, DNA replication proceeds in only one direction, while in bidirectional synthesis, replication goes in both directions, making it more efficient. Continuous and discontinuous syntheses refer to the process of new complementary strand synthesis during DNA replication. Continuous synthesis occurs in the same direction as the replication fork movement, whereas discontinuous synthesis happens in the opposite direction, creating short Okazaki fragments which must later be joined together, making it slower and less efficient.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Unidirectional and Bidirectional Synthesis

In unidirectional synthesis, DNA replication proceeds in only one direction from the origin of replication. In contrast, bidirectional synthesis involves replication going in both directions from the origin of replication, utilizing two replication forks.
02

Comparing Unidirectional and Bidirectional Synthesis

Unidirectional synthesis is less efficient as it takes more time for complete replication of the DNA, whereas bidirectional synthesis is more efficient as it allows for faster DNA replication by utilizing two replication forks moving in opposite directions.
03

Understanding Continuous and Discontinuous Synthesis

During DNA replication, the two strands are separated and serve as templates for the synthesis of new complementary strands. Continuous synthesis occurs when the new strand is synthesized in the same direction as the replication fork movement. Discontinuous synthesis happens when the new strand is synthesized in the opposite direction to the replication fork movement, creating short fragments called Okazaki fragments.
04

Explaining Leading and Lagging Strand

In DNA replication, the two template strands are called the leading strand and the lagging strand. The leading strand is the one where continuous synthesis takes place, with the new strand being synthesized in the same direction as the replication fork movement. The lagging strand undergoes discontinuous synthesis, creating short Okazaki fragments which are later joined to form a continuous strand.
05

Comparing Continuous and Discontinuous Synthesis

Continuous synthesis is faster and more efficient as it is performed in the same direction as the replication fork movement and is synthesized as a single, continuous strand. Discontinuous synthesis, on the other hand, is slower due to the formation of Okazaki fragments which must later be joined together, requiring an extra enzyme and an additional energy-consuming step.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

In \(1994,\) telomerase activity was discovered in human cancer cell lines. Although telomerase is not active in human somatic tissue, this discovery indicated that humans do contain the genes for telomerase proteins and telomerase RNA. since inappropriate activation of telomerase may contribute to cancer, why do you think the genes coding for this enzyme have been maintained in the human genome throughout evolution? Are there any types of human body cells where telomerase activation would be advantageous or even necessary? Explain.

Review the Chapter Concepts list on \(\mathrm{p} .295 .\) These are concerned with the replication and synthesis of DNA. Write a short essay that distinguishes between the terms replication and synthesis, as applied to DNA. Which of the two is most closely allied with the field of biochemistry?

What is the end replication problem?

Summarize and compare the properties of DNA polymerase I II, and III.

What are the replication origins in bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Biology Experiments

Read Explanation

Substance Exchange

Read Explanation

Heredity

Read Explanation

Ecological Levels

Read Explanation

Reproduction

Read Explanation

Responding to Change

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.