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Chapter 16: Problem 11

Which of the following statements is not true? a. Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body. b. Vitamins are required in small quantities for bodily function. c. Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while others need to be obtained from diet. d. Vitamins come in two categories: fatsoluble and water-soluble.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Statement a is not true, as essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet.

Step by step solution

01

Statement a: Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body.

By definition, essential nutrients are those nutrients that cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts to meet its needs. These nutrients must be obtained from the diet. Therefore, statement a is not true.
02

Statement b: Vitamins are required in small quantities for bodily function.

Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities to maintain proper metabolism and other bodily functions. They are micronutrients, meaning that they are only needed in minute amounts. Since this statement agrees with the accepted understanding of vitamins, statement b is true.
03

Statement c: Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while others need to be obtained from diet.

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and play a vital role in numerous bodily functions. There are 20 standard amino acids, out of which 9 are essential, meaning that the body cannot synthesize them and they must be obtained through the diet. The remaining 11 non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body, making statement c true.
04

Statement d: Vitamins come in two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.

Vitamins are classified into two groups: fat-soluble (vitamins A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble (vitamin C and the B-vitamins group). Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in fatty tissues and the liver, while water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body and are excreted in the urine. This classification relates to how the vitamins are absorbed, transported, and eliminated from the body. Thus, statement d is true. To summarize, statement a ("Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body") is the one that is not true.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Essential Nutrients
Essential nutrients are crucial for maintaining good health since our bodies cannot produce them in sufficient amounts. We have to obtain these nutrients through our diet. These include a variety of vitamins, minerals, certain amino acids, and fatty acids. They support vital processes such as growth, immunity, and metabolism. Without consuming the necessary essential nutrients, our bodies might face deficiencies leading to health problems.
Vitamins
Vitamins are a type of micronutrient, which means they are required in small amounts but play a huge role in maintaining great health. They help various bodily functions, such as energy production and immunity, so we need them daily. Because our bodies do not produce most vitamins, we need to get them from food, like fruits and vegetables, or supplements.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They are essential for muscle repair, hormone production, and other bodily functions. Out of the 20 standard amino acids, 9 are labeled as essential amino acids. The body cannot create these on its own, so they must come from the diet. Foods high in essential amino acids include meat, dairy, and legumes.
Fat-soluble
Fat-soluble vitamins, like A, D, E, and K, are stored in the body's fatty tissues and liver. This storage capability means they do not need to be consumed every day. They support different body functions, such as vision (vitamin A) and blood clotting (vitamin K). However, overconsumption, especially through supplements, can lead to toxicity over time.
Water-soluble
Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and all the B vitamins. These vitamins travel freely through the bloodstream and whatever the body does not use is usually excreted via urine. Because they are not stored in the body, we need to consume them regularly. They play a role in energy production and the creation of red blood cells.

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