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Chapter 6: Problem 20

A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds: 1\. 鈥淭his is the only treatment left to offer the child.鈥� 2\. 鈥淭his therapy is fast and reliable in treating infections in children.鈥� 3\. 鈥淭he physician will have to explain his rationale to you.鈥� 4\. 鈥淕ranulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own.鈥�

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct response is: 4. "Granulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own."

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Problem Condition

The child is severely neutropenic after two days of antibiotic treatment for a serious infection. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting infections.
02

Understand Granulocyte Transfusions

Granulocyte transfusions involve transferring granulocytes鈥攁nother type of white blood cells鈥攊nto the child's bloodstream. These transfusions are used to temporarily increase white blood cell count until the child's own immune system can recover and produce sufficient cells on its own.
03

Evaluate the Nurse's Responses

Assess each of the nurse's responses based on the explanation for granulocyte transfusions: 1. This implies there are no other options, which is not necessarily true. 2. This suggests that granulocyte transfusion directly treats infections, but they primarily support the immune response. 3. This defers the responsibility of explaining, which doesn鈥檛 provide information. 4. This response accurately explains that granulocyte transfusions replenish low white blood cell counts temporarily.
04

Select the Most Accurate Response

The most accurate response should address why granulocyte transfusions are being used in terms of their purpose and how they relate to the child's condition. Response 4 is correct as it directly explains the role of granulocyte transfusions in replenishing white blood cells to support the child's immunity while awaiting natural recovery.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Neutropenia
Neutropenia is a medical condition characterized by an unusually low count of neutrophils. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell pivotal in fighting off infections. When the neutrophil count falls below a particular threshold, the body becomes more susceptible to infections. Particularly in children, whose immune systems are still developing, this can be a significant concern.
Children with neutropenia may experience symptoms such as:
  • Increased frequency of infections
  • Fever
  • Sore throat
  • Fatigue
It is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor these symptoms and provide prompt treatment to prevent complications.
Granulocyte Transfusion
Granulocyte transfusions are a medical treatment used to combat severe cases of neutropenia. This procedure involves transferring granulocytes鈥攁nother form of white blood cells鈥攊nto a patient's bloodstream. These transfusions aren't a cure but serve as a temporary measure to bolster the immune system.
This process is especially useful when waiting for the patient鈥檚 body to start producing enough white blood cells on its own. The primary goal is to increase the patient's white blood cell count to help combat existing infections or reduce the risk of new ones.
  • This technique is a temporary support for the immune system.
  • It is typically used in conjunction with other treatments, like antibiotics.
  • Granulocyte transfusions can bridge the gap until the immune system recovers.
Pediatric Nursing
Pediatric nursing focuses on the care of children from infancy through adolescence. Nurses in this field must possess a unique set of skills to communicate effectively with both the young patients and their families. Pediatric nurses also need to demonstrate patience and empathy when addressing the concerns of worried parents.
They play a crucial role in:
  • Administering medications and treatments
  • Monitoring the child鈥檚 health status
  • Educating and reassuring families about medical procedures
Their compassionate care is invaluable, particularly when a child faces serious health challenges like neutropenia.
Immune Response
The immune response is the body's way of defending itself against pathogens like viruses and bacteria. In children, whose immune systems are still developing, this response is critical for maintaining health.
The immune system includes various components:
  • White blood cells: These include neutrophils and granulocytes that fight off infections.
  • Antibodies: Proteins that recognize specific pathogens.
  • The complement system: Enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes.
In cases where the immune response is compromised, such as in neutropenia, medical interventions like granulocyte transfusions help support the immune system until it regains strength.
Nurse Communication
Effective nurse communication plays a vital role in healthcare, particularly in pediatric settings. Nurses are often the primary link between the patient, their family, and the rest of the healthcare team.
A key aspect of nurse communication includes:
  • Providing clear explanations of medical conditions and treatments
  • Listening to the concerns of parents and caregivers
  • Translating complex medical jargon into understandable terms
Good communication can reduce anxiety, promote cooperation, and ensure that families are well-informed about the care and treatment of their child. In situations involving complex procedures like granulocyte transfusions, it is essential for nurses to convey information accurately and compassionately.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

. A patient is seen in the clinic with severe anemia. His religious beliefs prohibit the administration of blood products. His physician prescribes epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) therapy. What other agent will the physician likely prescribe? 1\. myeloablative therapy 2\. a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug 3\. an antimetabolite 4\. ferrous sulfate (Feosol, Feratab)

A patient asks a nurse working in a dental office what type of drug will the dentist use to provide anesthesia during the extraction of the patient鈥檚 wisdom teeth. The nurse knows the dentist will use an anesthetic gas, also known as 鈥渓aughing gas.鈥� This agent is: 1\. nitrous oxide. 2\. nitrogen. 3\. nitric oxide. 4\. nitrogen dioxide.

. It has been known for centuries that extracts of the opium poppy can relieve pain. An example of an opium poppy extract useful in human pain management is: 1\. the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) and naproxen (Anaprox, Naprelan). 2\. the cyclooxygenase blocker acetyl salicylate. 3\. morphine sulfate (Roxonol, Duramorph). 4\. the analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent indomethacin (Indocin).

Your patient has recently had a bone marrow transplant and is currently being treated for disseminated herpes infection with high dose IV acyclovir (Zovirax). He wants to know why he cannot take acyclovir orally and go home. What is your response? 1\. You are too sick to go home. 2\. Oral acyclovir is not well absorbed and cannot adequately treat your infection. 3\. You can. I鈥檒l ask the doctor to switch your medicine to oral tablets. 4\. Oral acyclovir would further irritate your oral lesions.

The preferred route of administration of analgesic medications is: 1\. intravenous. 2\. sublingual/buccal. 3\. rectal. 4\. oral.
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