/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 114 (4) Dilute prescribed IV calcium... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 10: Problem 114

(4) Dilute prescribed IV calcium preparations in dextrose 5 percent in water. Never dilute calcium in solutions containing bicarbonate-precipitation will occur. Also don't give the patient with hypocalcemia calcium diluted in \(0.9\) percent sodium chloride because the sodium chloride may increase renal calcium loss. Physiological Adeaprarion

Short Answer

Expert verified
Use dextrose 5% in water to dilute IV calcium preparations due to safe compatibility.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Component Interactions

Calcium needs to be properly diluted when administered intravenously to prevent complications. When diluted in solutions containing bicarbonate, calcium can precipitate, forming solid particles. Diluting calcium in solutions such as dextrose 5 percent in water is safer and prevents such precipitation.
02

Avoidance of Sodium Chloride

Calcium should not be diluted in sodium chloride 0.9% (normal saline) for patients with hypocalcemia because the sodium in this solution can increase the patient's renal calcium loss, exacerbating the hypocalcemia condition.
03

Selection of Appropriate Solution

The physiological rationale is to choose a diluent that minimizes complications. Thus, using dextrose 5 percent in water is appropriate for diluting calcium for IV administration as it prevents precipitation and does not increase renal calcium loss.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Hypocalcemia Treatment
When treating hypocalcemia, which is a condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood, it鈥檚 essential to address it carefully to avoid complications. Calcium is a critical mineral in the body, supporting nerve function, muscle contraction, and bone strength.
Hypocalcemia can manifest through symptoms like muscle spasms, tingling fingers, and even heart irregularities. Thus, treatment is focused on increasing calcium levels quickly and safely. In severe cases, IV calcium administration is a common method.
  • Emergency situations might require fast-acting calcium treatments.
  • In non-emergency cases, oral supplements might be administered.
  • IV calcium is often administered in hospital settings where patient monitoring is feasible.
Treatment demands careful solution preparation to prevent any adverse effects and complications, such as calcium precipitation.
Bicarbonate Precipitation
Bicarbonate precipitation is a potential complication that can occur when mixing calcium with solutions containing bicarbonate. This happens because calcium ions react with bicarbonate ions to form insoluble calcium carbonate, seen as solid particles or precipitates.
This precipitation can result in:
  • Clogging of IV lines, leading to ineffective treatment.
  • Potential irritation or inflammation at the injection site.
  • Failure to deliver the necessary calcium dose to correct hypocalcemia.
Hence, it is recommended to avoid mixing calcium with bicarbonate-containing solutions to ensure effective and safe IV administration. Instead, using solutions like dextrose 5 percent in water ensures that such complications are avoided.
Solution Selection for IV
Choosing the right solution for IV calcium administration is crucial in managing the risk of precipitation and ensuring adequate calcium absorption.
Common solutions used for dilution include:
  • Dextrose 5 percent in water, which is safe and doesn't lead to calcium loss.
  • Sodium chloride 0.9% solution should be avoided for patients with hypocalcemia as it may increase renal calcium loss due to the sodium content.
The choice of solution should consider the specific condition of the patient and potential interactions. Diluting calcium in dextrose helps prevent precipitation, maintains the effectiveness of the treatment, and ensures patient safety. Always consult medical guidance before selecting an appropriate IV solution.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

(4) Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside. Because this class of drugs is highly nephrotoxic, the nurse would monitor kidney function closely while the patient is receiving gentamicin. Maintaining BUN, which is a direct measure of kidney function, within fotmal range is a desired outcome. Physiological Adaptation

(1) The risk for suicide is greatest when a client with depression begins to have more energy. Antidepressants will need to be taken for 4-6 weeks for maximum therapeutic benefit. A person who has had a previous episode of depression is more likely to have another episode later in life. Psychosocial Inregrity

(4) If the client indicates a lack of understanding, it is the nurse's role to inform the physician so that questions can be answered. Answer(s) 1,2 and 3 are incorrect. The nurse cannot answer the client's questions because of a lack of medical understanding and the definitions of nursing practice. Consent should not be signed until the client indicates satisfaction in understanding. The nurse should not gloss over or minimize the fact that a client indicates a lack of understanding. The nurse is responsible for ensure the client gets information required to then sign consent. Coordinated Care

(2) In giving perineal care, the nurse needs only gloves (not sterile) and should wash from the pubis toward anus (front to back) so that e-coli and other bacteria are not brought to vaginal area. Basic Care and Comfort

(4) For optimal protection the penis should be withdrawn from the vagina while still erect, holding the condom rim to prevent spillage. Vaseline jelly will deteriorate the latex allowing sperm penetration. A water-soluble lubricant such as K-Y jelly should be used. The condom should be applied to an erect penis with a small space left at the end of the condom to allow for ejaculation. Healsh Promotion and Maintenance
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Reproduction

Read Explanation

Microbiology

Read Explanation

Communicable Diseases

Read Explanation

Control of Gene Expression

Read Explanation

Biological Organisms

Read Explanation

Cell Communication

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.