91Ó°ÊÓ

Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of (A) cell differentiation. (B) morphogenesis. (C) cell division. (D) cell elongation.

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the (A) core. (B) pericycle. (C) endodermis. (D) pith.

Heartwood and sapwood consist of (A) bark. (B) periderm. (C) secondary xylem. (D) secondary phloem.

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by (A) a change in the shape of the leaves produced. (B) the initiation of secondary growth. (C) the formation of lateral roots. (D) the activation of flower-inducing genes.

The vascular cambium gives rise to (A) all xylem. (B) all phloem. (C) primary xylem and phloem. (D) secondary xylem and phloem.

The root pericycle is the site where (A) secondary growth originates. (B) root hairs originate. (C) lateral roots originate. (D) the endodermis originates.

Root apical meristems are found (A) only in taproots. (B) only in lateral roots. (C) only in adventitious roots. (D) in all roots.

Which of the following arise(s), directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity? (A) secondary xylem (B) leaves (C) dermal tissue (D) all of the above

A strawberry plant mutant that fails to make stolons would suffer from (A) too little mineral absorption. (B) a tendency to topple over. (C) too little water absorption. (D) a reduction in asexual reproduction.

Visitors to the state of Washington can marvel at an unusual sight: a bicycle embedded \(4 \mathrm{~m}\) above the ground in a living tree. Use your knowledge of primary and secondary growth to visualize and explain how this happened.