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Chapter 2: Q2.2-4CC. (page 36)

In Figure 2.7, if two or more elements are in the same row, what do they have in common? If two or more elements are in the same column, what do they have in common?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The number of electron shells in each element is the same if two or more two elements belong to the same row.

When two or more two elements belong to the same column, their valence shells have the same amount of electrons and have chemical characteristics that are similar.

Step by step solution

01

Electron distribution of elements

The distribution of electrons in the electron shells of an atom is studied through the periodic table. Elements' electronic configuration and their place in the periodic table are related. The period and group to which the elements belong can be determined based on their electrical configuration.

02

Periodic table

The periodic table is a chart that ranks chemical elements according to their atomic number, electron configuration, and chemical properties. The periodic table divides the elements into rows and groups.

The number of electron shells in each atom corresponds to the elements in a row. The vertical columns are divided into groups. Based on the number of electrons in the valence shell, the elements in the group share the same chemical characteristics.

03

Determination of properties of elements based on their electron distribution

According to the periodic table's electron distribution, all elements in the same row have the same number of valence shells. The valence shells of all the elements in the column, on the other hand, have the same number of electrons.

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Carbon-14 dating works for fossils up to about 75,000 years old; fossils older than that contain too little 14C to be detected. Most dinosaurs went extinct 65.5 million years ago. (a) Can 14C be used to date dinosaur bones? Explain. (b) Radioactive uranium-235 has a half-life of 704 million years. If it was incorporated into dinosaur bones, could it be used to date the dinosaur fossils? Explain.

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