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Which group is incorrectly paired with its description?

(A) diatoms鈥攊mportant producers in aquatic communities

(B) red algae鈥攅ukaryotes that acquired plastids by secondary endosymbiosis

(C) apicomplexans鈥攗nicellular parasites with intricate life cycles

(D) diplomonads鈥攗nicellular eukaryotes with modified mitochondria.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The option 鈥渄iatoms鈥攊mportant producers in aquatic communities鈥 iscorrect.

  2. The option 鈥渞ed algae鈥攅ukaryotes that acquired plastids by secondary endosymbiosis鈥 isincorrect.

  3. The option 鈥渁picomplexans鈥攗nicellular parasites with intricate life cycles鈥 is correct.

  4. The option 鈥渄iplomonads鈥攗nicellular eukaryotes with modified mitochondria鈥 is correct.

Step by step solution

01

Protists

Protists are unicellular organisms that are identified with the aid of a microscope. These organisms form symbiotic relationships between diverse organisms. They are eukaryotic creatures that exhibit the presence of a nucleus along with mitochondria in some of them.

02

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

Diatoms are protists that are essential creatures in the aquatic ecosystem. These organisms are found in a symbiotic relationship with coral reefs. The corals house them, and in return, these diatoms produce nutrients used for their growth.

Additionally, they are also used as a source of food by aquatic animals.

Thus, diatoms serve as an essential component of the aquatic community.

Therefore, the given option is correct.

03

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

Even though many eukaryotes evolved by secondary endosymbiosis, some eukaryotes like red algae evolved from primary endosymbiosis. This evolution did not occur from secondary endosymbiosis. These organisms that arose from primary endosymbiosis have evolved from free-living cyanobacteria.

Thus, endosymbiosis in red algae occurs through primary endosymbiosis.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

04

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Apicomplexans are unicellular organisms that exhibit a very intricate life cycle. This is because these organisms have multiple stages, and they exhibit two types of reproduction. The types of reproduction exhibited include sexual and asexual reproduction.

Thus, apicomplexans exhibit a complex lifecycle.

Therefore, the given option is correct.

05

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

Diplomonads are unicellular protists that are modified. The mitochondria in these organisms do not exhibit an electron transport chain. Due to this, they do not take part in cellular respiration, and hence they derive energy from glycolysis.

Thus, diplomonads have modified mitochondria.

Therefore, the given option is correct.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

WHAT IF? DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.2 did the mystery protist鈥檚 lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain

Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.2, which of the following statements is correct?

(A) The most recent common ancestor of Excavata is older than that of SAR.

(B) The most recent common ancestor of SAR is older than that of Unikonta.

(C) The most basal (first to diverge) eukaryotic supergroup cannot be determined.

(D) Excavata is the most basal eukaryotic supergroup.

First, make sure you understand how to read the comparison matrix.

Find the cell that represents the comparison of C. testosteroniandE. coli. What value is given in this cell? What does that value signifyabout the comparable rRNA gene sequences in those two organisms?Explain why some cells have a dash rather than a value. Whyare some cells shaded gray, with no value?

Wheat mitochondrion

A. tumefaciens

C. testosteroni

E. coli

M. capricolum

A. nidulans

Wheat mitochondrion

-

48

38

35

34

34

A. tumefacians

-

55

57

52

53

C. testosterone

-

61

52

52

E. coli

-

48

52

M. capricolum

-

50

A. nidulans

-

Why do some biologists describe the mitochondria of diplomonads and parabasalids as 鈥渉ighly reduced鈥?

MAKE CONNECTIONS The bacterium Wolbachia is a symbiont that lives in mosquito cells and spreads rapidly through mosquito populations. Wolbachia can make mosquitoes resistant to infection by Plasmodium; researchers are seeking a strain that confers resistance and does not harm mosquitoes. Compare evolutionary changes that could occur if malaria control is attempted using such a Wolbachia strain versus using insecticides to kill mosquitoes. (Review Figure 28.16 and Concept 23.4.)

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