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Chapter 29: Q29.2-2CC. (page 626)

Give three examples of how the structure fits function in bryophytes.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The structure of bryophytes is significant to its function. The green leafy gametophytes help in photosynthesis and nutrient absorption. Its protonema has a large surface area that allows the plant in water absorption.

The archegonia surrounding the embryo is vase-shaped that helps the plant by protecting the embryo. Stomata are found on leaves that bring out exchanges of gases.

Step by step solution

01

Gametophytic leaves

The gametophytic leaves in moss have a specific mechanism of photosynthesis. The flat green leaves that resemble the true leaves are attached to the stalk. These leaves also help the bryophytes in the absorption of water and nutrients.

02

Protonema

Protonema is a thread-like structure present in moss. Protonema is branched multi-cellular filaments with a large surface area is filled with chloroplast. Their major function is in water absorption.

The protonema triggers the production of hormones that impact the development of newly created cells.

03

Archegonia 

Archegonia is a female sex organ in non-flowering plants. The archegonia are a flask-shaped sac surrounding the embryo that protects the embryo during a placental cell transfer. It also acts as a site for fertilization.

Thus, the three structures, protonema, archegonia, and gametophytic leaves of mosses, are examples that show how the structure fits function in bryophytes.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Based on their experimental results, the researchers added weathering of rock by non-vascular plants to simulation models of the Ordovician climate. The new models predicted decreased CO2 levels and global cooling sufficient to produce the glaciations in the Late Ordovician period. What assumptions did the researchers make in using results from their experiments in climate simulation models?

The feather moss Pleuroziumschreberiharbors species of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Scientists studying this moss in northern forests found that the percentage of the ground surface 鈥渃overed鈥� by the moss increased from about 5% in forests that burned 35 to 41 years ago to about 70% in forests that burned 170 or more years ago. From mosses growing in these forests, they also obtained the following data on nitrogen fixation:

(a) Use the data to draw a line graph, with age on the x-axis and the nitrogen fixation rate on the y-axis.

(b) Along with the nitrogen added by nitrogen fixation, about 1 kg of nitrogen per hectare per year is deposited into northern forests from the atmosphere as rain and small particles. Evaluate the extent to which Pleurozium affects nitrogen availability in northern forests of different ages.

Suppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about 鈥渢rees鈥� of such a species would notbe true?

(A) Spore dispersal distances would probably increase.

(B) Females could produce only one archegonium.

(C) Unless its body parts were strengthened, such a 鈥渢ree鈥�

would probably flop over.

(D) Individuals would probably compete more effectively for

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Microphylls are found in which plant group?

(A) lycophytes

(B) liverworts

(C) ferns

(D) hornworts

Three of the following are evidence thatcharophytes are the closest algal relatives ofplants. Select the exception.

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