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How does an asexually reproducing eukaryotic organism produce offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to their parents?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Certain eukaryotic organisms such as hydra and certain trees reproduce through mitosis. Mitosis is the process that produces daughter cells that are identical to each other and their parents. Thus, asexually reproducing eukaryotic organisms have offspring that are identical.

Step by step solution

01

Asexual reproduction 

The type of reproduction in which a single parent is involved is called asexual reproduction.This type of reproduction does not include the fusion of gametes as a single parent is involved.

The parents transmit all their genes to the offspring. Thus, asexual reproduction does not involve the mixing of genetic traits, and, as a result, the offspring produced are genetically identical to their parents.

02

Meaning of mitosis

Mitosis is a process of nuclear division in which replicated DNA molecules of each chromosome are partitioned into two nuclei.The process of mitosis is a continuous process that is divided into different stages.

In this process,the nucleus divides, followed by the division of the cytoplasm that results in daughter cells' formation.Thus, mitosis is also known as equation division, as daughter cells produced inherit equal genetic material and, hence, are identical.

Mitosis maintains the chromosome numberand generates new cells for the growth and maintenance of an organism.

03

Mitosis produces genetically identical offspring in eukaryotic organisms

Eukaryotic organisms such as hydra reproduce through budding.Hydra develops buds containing mitotically dividing cells that grow to form a hydra.Similarly,Sequoia trees of redwood forests produce through asexual reproduction.

As these eukaryotic organisms divide through mitosis and due to the absence of mutation in such organisms, the offspring produced are genetically identical to each other and their parent cells.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Figure 13.4, how many DNA molecules (double helices) are present (see Figure 12.5)? What is the haploid number of this cell? Is a set of chromosomes haploid or diploid?

Most of the yeast cells in the culture were in G1 of the cell cycle before being moved to the nutrient-poor medium. (a) How many femtograms of DNA are there in each yeast cell in G1? Estimate this value from the data in your graph. (b) How many femtograms of DNA should be present in each cell in G2? (See Concept 12.2 and Figure 12.6.) At the end of meiosis I (MI)? At the end of meiosis II (MII)? (See Figure 13.7.) (c) Using these values as a guideline, distinguish the different phases by inserting vertical dashed lines in the graph between phases and label each phase (G1, S, G2, MI, MII). You can figure out where to put the dividing lines based on what you know about the DNA content of each phase (see Figure 13.7). (d) Think carefully about the point where the line at the highest value begins to slope downward. What specific point of meiosis does this 鈥渃orner鈥 represent? What stage(s) correspond to the downward sloping line?

The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite poles of dividing cells during

  1. mitosis
  2. meiosis I
  3. meiosis II
  4. fertilization

The diploid number for fruit flies is 8, and the diploid number for grasshoppers is 46. If no crossing over took place, would the genetic variation among offspring from a given pair of parents be greater in fruit flies or grasshoppers? Explain.

The diagram shows a cell in meiosis.

  1. Label the appropriate structures with these terms: chromosomes (label as duplicated or unduplicated), centromere, kinetochore, sister chromatids, non-sister chromatids. Homologous pair (use a bracket when labeling), homolog (label each one), chiasma sister chromatid cohesion, and gene loci, labeling the alleles of the F and H genes.
  2. Describe the makeup of a haploid set and a diploid set.
  3. Identify the stage of meiosis shown.

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