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Chapter 13: 13-4ITD (page 264)

Given the fact that 1 fg of DNA = 9.78 脳 105 base pairs (on average), you can convert the amount of DNA per cell to the length of DNA in numbers of base pairs. (a) Calculate the number of base pairs of DNA in the haploid yeast genome. Express your answer in millions of base pairs (Mb), a standard unit for expressing genome size. Show your work. (b) How many base pairs per minute were synthesized during the S phase of these yeast cells?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)12 Mb (12 x 106 base pairs).

(b) 2.0 x 105 base pairs per minute.

Step by step solution

01

Haploid and diploid organisms

DNA is the genetic material that contains instructions for the genotype and phenotype of an organism. Organisms with a complete set of paired chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, are called diploid organisms.

On the other hand,organisms with half the set of paired chromosomes are called haploid organisms.

02

Calculation of (a)

Given,

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Given the fact that 1 fg of DNA = 9.78 脳 105 base pairs (on average), you can convert the amount of DNA per cell to the length of DNA in numbers of base pairs. (a) Calculate the number of base pairs of DNA in the haploid yeast genome. Express your answer in millions of base pairs (Mb), a standard unit for expressing genome size. Show your work. (b) How many base pairs per minute were synthesized during the S phase of these yeast cells?

Most of the yeast cells in the culture were in G1 of the cell cycle before being moved to the nutrient-poor medium. (a) How many femtograms of DNA are there in each yeast cell in G1? Estimate this value from the data in your graph. (b) How many femtograms of DNA should be present in each cell in G2? (See Concept 12.2 and Figure 12.6.) At the end of meiosis I (MI)? At the end of meiosis II (MII)? (See Figure 13.7.) (c) Using these values as a guideline, distinguish the different phases by inserting vertical dashed lines in the graph between phases and label each phase (G1, S, G2, MI, MII). You can figure out where to put the dividing lines based on what you know about the DNA content of each phase (see Figure 13.7). (d) Think carefully about the point where the line at the highest value begins to slope downward. What specific point of meiosis does this 鈥渃orner鈥� represent? What stage(s) correspond to the downward sloping line?

First, set up your graph. (a) Place the labels for the independent and dependent variables on the appropriate axes, followed by units of measurement in parentheses. Explain your choices. (b) Add tick marks and values for each axis. Explain your choices.
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