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Chapter 17: Q17-3TYU (page 362)

The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is:

  1. complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.

  2. complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.

  3. the part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid.

  4. catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.

Short Answer

Expert verified

  1. The statement 鈥渃omplementary to the corresponding mRNA codon鈥� istrue.

  2. The statement 鈥渃omplementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA鈥� isfalse.

  3. The statement 鈥渢he part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid鈥� is false.

  4. The statement 鈥渃atalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme鈥� is false.

Step by step solution

01

Structure of tRNA molecule

The tRNA has folded structure that resembles an L shape. One end of the tRNA has an anticodon that recognizes and binds to the mRNA codon. The other end has an amino acid attachment site that contains the amino acid corresponding to the mRNA codon.

02

Explanation of option (A)

The anticodon of the tRNA is complementary to the corresponding codon of the mRNA molecule. As a result, the tRNA binds to the mRNA codon through complementary base-pairing.

Thus, the tRNA anticodon is complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

03

Explanation of option (B)

The rRNA is a type of RNA that is associated with numerous proteins to form the ribosome. It binds to both the tRNA and mRNA and facilitates the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA molecule for protein synthesis.

Thus, the tRNA anticodon is not complementary to triplet in the rRNA.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

04

Explanation of option (C)

One end of the tRNA molecule has an amino acid attachment site that carries the amino acid corresponding to the mRNA codon. However, the anticodon is a part of the tRNA that binds to the mRNA codon.

Thus, the tRNA anticodon does not bind to amino acids.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

05

Explanation of option (D)

Ribozymes are catalytic RNA enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions. However, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are enzymes that catalyze the formation of amino-acylation of tRNA molecules.

Thus, the tRNA anticodon is not catalytic.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

  1. GTP

  2. DNA

  3. tRNA

  4. ribosomes

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

  1. a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

  2. a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

  3. a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence

  4. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.

Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life, and the continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA. In a short essay (100-150words), discuss how the fidelity with which DNA is inherited is related to the processes of evolution. (Review the discussion of proofreading and DNA repair in Concept 16.2)

Draw a tRNA with the anticodon 3鈥�-CGU-5鈥�. What two different codons could it bind to? Draw each codon on an mRNA, labeling all 5鈥� and 3鈥� ends, the tRNA, and the amino acid it carries.

The template strand of a gene contains the sequence 3鈥�-TTCAGTCGT-5鈥�. Imagine that the non-template plate sequence was transcribed instead of the template sequence. Draw the mRNA sequence and translate it using Figure 17.6. (Be sure to pay attention to the 5鈥� and 3鈥� ends.) Predict how well the protein synthesized from the non-template strands would function, if at all.
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