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Which of the following organisms is incorrectly paired with its trophic level?

(A) cyanobacterium—primary producer

(B) grasshopper—primary consumer

(C) zooplankton—primary producer

(D) fungus—detritivore

Short Answer

Expert verified

(A) The option ‘cyanobacterium—primary producer’ isincorrect.

(B) The option ‘grasshopper—primary consumer’ isincorrect.

(C) The option ‘zooplankton—primary producer’ iscorrect.

(D) The option ‘fungus—detritivore’ is incorrect.

Step by step solution

01

Trophic levels

The place an organism attains in a food web is called its trophic level. There is a maximum of three to four trophic levels in a food chain. The first level is producers, the second level is primary consumers, the third level is secondary consumers, and the fourth level is tertiary consumers.

02

Explanation of option (A)

In the environment, cyanobacteria are identified asthe most significant primary producers. Phytoplankton includes cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae. They are the leading producers in the sea.

Thus, ‘cyanobacterium’ and ‘primary producer’ are correctly paired.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

03

Explanation of option (B)

Grasshoppers are the main consumers because they consume the producers, which are plants or grass. As they eat grass, they are one trophic level higher than grass and are primary consumers, which is the second trophic level.

Thus, ‘grasshoppers’ and ‘primary consumers’ are correctly paired.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

04

Explanation of option (C)

Zooplankton is the principal consumer at the bottom of the aquatic food web; hence, they feed on phytoplankton, which obtains their energy directly from the sun.

Thus, ‘zooplankton’ is incorrectly paired with ‘primary producer’.

Therefore, the given option is correct.

05

Explanation of option (D)

Detritivores are types of decomposers. Animals that break down and devour dead or rotting stuff are known as decomposers. In the forest, fungi eat the decaying matter. Thus, fungi are decomposers.

Thus, ‘fungi’ is correctly paired with ‘detritivores’.

Therefore, the given option is incorrect.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How can ecologists experimentally determine the factor that limits primary production in an ecosystem?

Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation?

(A) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase nitrogen availability

(B) using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine

(C) reconfiguring the channel of a river

(D) adding seeds of a chromium-accumulating plant to soil contaminated by chromium

Why does deforestation of a watershed increase the concentration of nitrates in streams draining the watershed?

The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment yielded all of the following results except which of the following?

(A) Most minerals were recycled within a forest ecosystem.

(B) Calcium levels remained high in the soil of deforested areas.

(C) Deforestation increased water runoff.

(D) The nitrate concentration in waters draining the deforested area became dangerously high.

(a) Draw a simplified global water cycle showing ocean, land, atmosphere, and runoff from the land to the ocean. Label your drawing with these annual water fluxes:

  • ocean evaporation, 425 km3
  • ocean evaporation that returns to the ocean as precipitation, 385 km3
  • ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land, 40 km3
  • evapotranspiration from plants and soil that falls as precipitation on land, 70 km3
  • runoff to the oceans, 40 km3

(b) What is the ratio of ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land compared with runoff from land to the oceans? (c) How would this ratio change during an ice age, and why?

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