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Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot result from

(A) transduction

(B) conjugation

(C) mutation

(D) meiosis

Short Answer

Expert verified

(A) The option 鈥渢ransduction鈥 is false.

(B) The option 鈥渃onjugation鈥 is false.

(C) The option 鈥渕utation鈥 is false.

(D) The option 鈥渕eiosis鈥 is true.

Step by step solution

01

Genetic Variations

Genetic variations are changes in the gene frequencies that can cause changes in individual organisms as well as differences in population. Genetic variations are essential because they help in increasing the overall biodiversity in a particular population.

02

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The bacterial populations reproduce asexually to give rise to a huge number of offspring within a short duration. A form of reproduction in bacteria is called transduction that increases genetic variations within a population by transferring DNA from one organism to another.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through transduction.

Therefore, the given option is false.

03

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

A conjugation is a form of reproduction exhibited by bacterial populations. It is one of the methods of increasing genetic variations by shifting the genetic material from one organism to another. This helps in the survival of organisms and also increases biodiversity.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through conjugation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

04

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

Mutations are uncommon in bacterial populations. However, in some cases, mutations can occur in these populations. This results in the formation of offspring that have altered traits caused due to mutations in particular loci. These mutations increase the genetic variations in the population.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria can occur through mutation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

05

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

Bacterial populations can only reproduce through asexual methods. This method of reproduction does not demand the fusion of gametes, and hence meiosis does not occur. These organisms proliferate through binary fission that involves only mitotic division and not meiotic division.

Thus, genetic variations in bacteria cannot occur through meiosis.

Therefore, the given option is true.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements is not true?

(A) Archaea and bacteria have different membrane lipids.

(B) The cell walls of archaea lack peptidoglycan.

(C) Only bacteria have histones associated with DNA.

(D) Only some archaea use CO2to oxidize H2, releasing methane.

Bacteria perform the following ecological roles. Which role typically does not involve symbiosis?

(A) skin commensalist

(B) decomposer

(C) gut mutualist

(D) pathogen

The standard error (SE), which indicates how greatly the mean would likely vary if the experiment was repeated, is calculated as:\({\rm{SE}} = \,\frac{s}{{\sqrt n }}\).

As a rough rule of thumb, if an experiment were to be repeated, the new mean typically would lie within two standard errors of the original mean (that is, within the range of\(\overline x \, \pm \,2{\rm{SE}}\)). Calculate\(\overline x \, \pm \,2{\rm{SE}}\)for each treatment, determine whether these ranges overlap, and interpret your results.

Treatment

Dose (mg/kg)

Log of number

of colonies

Mean (\(\overline x \,\))

\({x_i}\, - \,\overline x \)

Standard deviation (s)

SE

Control

-

9.0,9.5,9.0,8.9

9.1

(-0.1), 0.4, (-0.1), (-0.2)

0.270

0.135

Vancomycin

1.0

8.5,8.4,8.2

8.36

0.14, 0.04, (-0.16)

0.152

0.087

5.0

5.3,5.9,4.7

5.3

0, 0.6, (-0.6)

0.6

0.346

Teixobactin

1.0

8.5,6.0,8.4,6.0

7.22

1.28, (-1.22), 1.18, (-1,22)

1.14

0.57

5.0

3.8,4.9,5.2,4.9

4.7

(-0.9), 0.2,0.5, 0.2

0.616

0.308

Describe two adaptations that enable prokaryotes to survive in environments too harsh for other organisms.

Photoautotrophs use

(A) light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source.

(B) light as an energy source and methane as a carbon source.

(C) N2 as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source.

(D) CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source.

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