91影视

The breeding method which involves helper species other than breeders is called cooperative breeding. In other words, more than two organisms look after the young one. More than 300 avian species have adapted for cooperative breeding. The mating system also ranges from monogamy to polygynandry.

Proximate behavioral causes involve the questions that immediately give the answers for the behaviors of the organism.The probable proximate questions regarding the behavior of acorn woodpecker are as follows:

1. At what period transition of the behavior occurs?

2. What are the scenarios that allow transition?

3. Do helpers need to learn parenting chores?

4. What type of behavior is exhibited by helpers during cooperative breeding?

The causes of behavior which include the evolutionary or historical background,are considered as ultimate causes of behavior.Selective pressure or cultural adaptation are some causes of social behavior in some organisms.

The probable questions regarding the ultimate causes of acorn woodpecker are as follows:

1. How has the sex ratio been developed between helpers and the breeding population?

2. Why is the helper role related to kin selection?

3. How is the availability of acorns related to the fraction of birds in the population?

4. How do helpers get advantages from cooperative breeding?

Therefore, the proximate causative question includes direct questions such as 鈥渨hat,鈥� the questions that give an immediate answer, and ultimate causative questions have 鈥渨hy鈥� or 鈥渉ow鈥� questions that elaborate a more significant concept of the behavior.