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Some nighttime partygoers wear glow-in-the-dark necklaces. The necklaces start glowing once they are 鈥渁ctivated鈥 by snapping the necklace in a way that allows two chemicals to react and emit light in the form of chemiluminescence. Is the chemical reaction exergonic or endergonic? Explain your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The chemical reaction that causes chemiluminescence is an exergonic process. This is because the reaction releases energy in the form of light.

Step by step solution

01

Chemiluminescence

When electrons are charged, they jump from their ground state to an electronic state in a chemical reaction. When these electrons return to their ground state, they emit energy in the form of light. This process is called chemiluminescence.

The biological version of chemiluminescence is bioluminescence. The single-celled marine organisms such as dinoflagellates exhibit bioluminescence. Bioluminescence results when the energy stored in organic molecules is converted into light.

02

Energy and exergonic reaction

The ability to do any task is called energy. When energy is released in the form of radiation, it is light energy. Light energy is the light that enables us to see.

A chemical reaction that occurs accompanied by the release of energy is called an exergonic reaction.

03

Chemiluminescence is an exergonic process

When two chemicals present in the glow-in-the-dark necklaces react with each other, they emit electromagnetic radiations that allow the necklace to glow in the dark. This means the chemical reaction is accompanied by the release of energy in the form of light.

Thus, the reaction that occurs in the glow-in-the-dark necklaces is an exergonic reaction.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: A researcher has developed an assay to measure the activity of an enzyme present in pancreatic cells growing in culture. She adds the enzyme鈥檚 substrate to a dish of cells and then measures the appearance of reaction products. The results are graphed as the amount of product on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. The researcher notes four sections of the graph. For a short period of time, no products appear (section A). Then (section B) the reaction rate is quite high (the slope of the line is steep). Next, the reaction gradually slows down (section C). Finally, the graph line becomes flat (section D). Draw and label the graph, and propose a model to explain the molecular events occurring at each stage of this reaction profile.

Question: If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are in equilibrium, what will occur?

  1. Additional substrate will be formed.
  2. The reaction will change from endergonic to exergonic.
  3. The free energy of the system will change.
  4. Nothing; the reaction will stay at equilibrium.

Question: Regulation of isoleucine synthesis is an example of feedback inhibition of an anabolic pathway. With that in mind, explain how ATP might be involved in feedback inhibition of a catabolic pathway.

Question: Explain what is happening in this photo in terms of kinetic energy and potential energy. Include the energy conversions that occur when the penguins eat fish and climb back up on the glacier. Describe the role of ATP and enzymes in the underlying molecular process, including what happens to the free energy of some of the molecules involved.

Question: Life requires energy. In a short essay (100-150 words), describe the basic principles of bioenergetics in an animal cell. How is the flow and transformation of energy different in a photosynthesizing cell? Include the role of ATP and enzymes in your discussion.

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