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Chapter 24: Problem 9

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. A client is receiving bretylium at 45 microgtt/min. The solution available is \(2 \mathrm{~g}\) bretylium in 500 mL D5W. Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{hr}\) b. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{min}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. 180 mg/hr, b. 3 mg/min

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Concentration of the Solution

Given: The solution contains 2 g of bretylium in 500 mL of D5W. We need to first understand the concentration in mg/mL before proceeding with the calculation.
02

Convert Grams to Milligrams

Since 1 gram equals 1000 milligrams, we convert 2 grams of bretylium to milligrams: \[2 \text{ g} = 2 \times 1000 \text{ mg} = 2000 \text{ mg} \]
03

Calculate Concentration in mg/mL

Now, determine how many mg of bretylium are in each mL of the solution: \[\text{Concentration} = \frac{2000 \text{ mg}}{500 \text{ mL}} = 4 \text{ mg/mL} \] This means there are 4 mg of bretylium in every 1 mL of the solution.
04

Calculate Flow Rate in mL/min

Next, we need to determine the volume of the solution administered per minute in mL. You are given 45 microgtt/min (microdrops per minute), and typically, 1 mL = 60 microgtts. Thus, the flow rate is: \[\text{Flow rate in mL/min} = \frac{45 \text{ microgtt}}{60 \text{ microgtt/mL}} = 0.75 \text{ mL/min} \]
05

Calculate Dosage in mg/min

Using the flow rate in mL/min (0.75 mL/min) and the concentration of the solution (4 mg/mL), calculate the dosage in mg/min: \[\text{Dosage in mg/min} = 0.75 \text{ mL/min} \times 4 \text{ mg/mL} = 3 \text{ mg/min} \]
06

Calculate Dosage in mg/hr

Convert the dosage from mg/min to mg/hr knowing that there are 60 minutes in an hour: \[\text{Dosage in mg/hr} = 3 \text{ mg/min} \times 60 \text{ min/hr} = 180 \text{ mg/hr} \]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Drug Concentration
When dealing with medication dosages, understanding the concentration of a drug solution is essential. **Concentration** refers to the amount of drug present in a given volume of solution. For this problem, you're given a solution with 2 grams of bretylium in 500 mL of D5W.To make this information more practical, we first need to express it in more convenient units for dosage calculations.
  • Convert grams to milligrams, since 1 gram equals 1000 milligrams. Hence, 2 grams becomes 2000 milligrams.
  • Next, calculate the concentration in the solution by dividing the total amount of drug in milligrams by the total volume of the solution in mL: \[ \text{Concentration} = \frac{2000 \text{ mg}}{500 \text{ mL}} = 4 \text{ mg/mL} \]
This tells us that every milliliter of the solution contains 4 mg of bretylium. Understanding this helps in accurately determining how much medication the patient receives with each dose.
Flow Rate Calculation
Flow rate is a key concept in dosage calculations when administering medications intravenously.The flow rate determines how much of the solution is delivered to the patient over a specific time period.Let's consider this exercise where the flow rate is provided as 45 microgtt/min. Knowing that there are typically 60 microgtts in a milliliter, we can calculate how much of the solution is delivered in mL:
  • Convert micro drops to mL using the conversion factor: \[ \text{Flow rate in mL/min} = \frac{45 \text{ microgtt}}{60 \text{ microgtt/mL}} = 0.75 \text{ mL/min} \]
This calculation lets you know that every minute, the patient receives 0.75 mL of the medication solution.Being able to determine the flow rate is fundamental for ensuring the patient gets the correct dosage.
Unit Conversion
An important aspect of dosage calculation involves converting units to ensure accuracy in drug administration.In this scenario, you need to convert the dosage from mg/min to mg/hr because medications are often prescribed in different time units, and consistency between these units is crucial.To convert from mg/min to mg/hr, you use the time conversion factor since there are 60 minutes in an hour:
  • First, establish the dosage in mg/min, which in this guide has been calculated as 3 mg/min based on concentration and flow rate.Next, multiply this by 60 (minutes per hour) to convert the rate to mg/hr:\[ \text{Dosage in mg/hr} = 3 \text{ mg/min} \times 60 \text{ min/hr} = 180 \text{ mg/hr} \]
This conversion ensures that health professionals administer the correct total dosage over an hour, which is critical for maintaining the efficacy and safety of the treatment.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Inocor \(250 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.9 \%\) NS to infuse at a rate of \(5 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}\) is ordered for a client weighing 165 lb. Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}\) b. \(\mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{hr}\) c. \(\mathrm{mL} / \mathrm{hr}\)

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Order: Dopamine \(400 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(500 \mathrm{~mL} 0.9 \%\) NS to infuse at \(200 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}\). A volumetric pump is being used. Calculate the rate in \(\mathrm{mL} / \mathrm{hr}\)

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. A client is receiving lidocaine \(2 \mathrm{~g}\) in \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\) D5W. The solution is infusing at \(22 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{hr}\). Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{hr}\) b. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{min}\)

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Norepinephrine (Levophed) 2 to \(6 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}\) has been ordered to maintain a client's systolic blood pressure at \(100 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}\). The solution concentration is \(2 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(500 \mathrm{~mL}\) D5W. Determine the flow rate setting for a volumetric pump.

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Order: Pitocin (oxytocin) drip at 45 microgtt/min. The solution available is 20 units of Pitocin in \(1,000 \mathrm{~mL}\) of D5W. Calculate the following: a. units/min b. units/hr
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