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Chapter 24: Problem 30

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. A client has an order for inamrinone (previously called amrinone) \(250 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(250 \mathrm{~mL} 0.9 \% \mathrm{NS}\) at \(3 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}\). Client's weight is \(59.1 \mathrm{~kg}\). Determine the flow rate in \(\mathrm{mL} / \mathrm{hr}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The flow rate is 10.638 mL/hr.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Medication Order

The medication order is for inamrinone at a dosage of 3 mcg/kg/min. The client's weight is given as 59.1 kg.
02

Convert mcg to mg

Convert micrograms to milligrams because the order is given in mcg, and we'll eventually need mg for calculation. 1 mg is equal to 1000 mcg.\[ \text{Dosage in mg/min} = \frac{3 \times 59.1}{1000} = 0.1773 \text{ mg/min} \]
03

Determine Total Dosage per Hour

Calculate the total hourly dosage by multiplying the dosage per minute by the number of minutes in an hour.\[ \text{Dosage in mg/hr} = 0.1773 \text{ mg/min} \times 60 \text{ min/hr} = 10.638 \text{ mg/hr} \]
04

Calculate Concentration of Solution

Determine the concentration of the solution. The vial contains 250 mg of inamrinone in 250 mL of NS, yielding a concentration of:\[ \text{Concentration} = \frac{250 \text{ mg}}{250 \text{ mL}} = 1 \text{ mg/mL} \]
05

Calculate Flow Rate

Finally, calculate the flow rate in mL/hr by using the hourly dosage and the concentration.\[ \text{Flow rate in mL/hr} = \frac{10.638 \text{ mg/hr}}{1 \text{ mg/mL}} = 10.638 \text{ mL/hr} \]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Drug Administration
In healthcare, drug administration is crucial as it ensures the correct delivery of medications to patients. It involves following a specific order or prescription, like in the case of inamrinone prescribed at a specific dosage based on the patient's needs. Proper drug administration involves:
  • Understanding the dosage form and route (oral, intravenous, etc.).
  • Ensuring correct dosage calculations based on patient-specific factors like weight and age.
  • Following safety protocols and double-checking orders to prevent errors.
A healthcare provider delivers medications either directly into the bloodstream, orally, or through other routes to achieve the intended therapeutic effect. In the given exercise, inamrinone is administered intravenously, which requires precise dosage calculations to ensure efficacy and avoid side effects.
Flow Rate
Flow rate is a critical component of intravenous drug administration, determining how fast a medication is administered to a patient. Calculating the correct flow rate is essential to ensure the proper amount of medication is delivered seamlessly over a given period. To calculate flow rate, follow these steps:
  • Determine the total dosage per minute.
  • Convert this to an hourly rate, suitable for most infusion pumps.
  • Use the medication's concentration to figure out the flow rate in mL/hr.
This calculation involves formulas and conversions, making it prone to errors without careful checking. The flow rate ensures that medications like inamrinone are delivered consistently to maintain its therapeutic effect. Monitoring and adjusting the flow rate are often required to suit individual patient responses and conditions.
Weight-Based Dosing
Weight-based dosing ensures that medication dosages are tailored to a client's body weight, which is critical for efficacy and safety. It allows for:
  • Customizing drug doses for patients with different weights and metabolizing capabilities.
  • Reducing the risk of underdosing or overdosing, leading to ineffective treatment or harmful side effects.
  • Improving therapeutic outcomes by matching the pharmacokinetics profile to the patient's needs.
An example is the inamrinone order, which specifies a dose based on the client's weight: 3 mcg/kg/min. Therefore, calculations start by determining the patient's specific dosage requirement based on their weight, ensuring that all individuals receive the optimal therapeutic effect intended for the prescribed medication.
Medication Concentration
Medication concentration refers to the amount of drug present in a given volume of solution. Understanding medication concentration helps in determining how much of a solution to administer to deliver the required dosage. When a medication's concentration is known, such as the 1 mg/mL concentration for inamrinone:
  • Dosage calculations become straightforward, facilitating the establishment of the necessary flow rate.
  • It serves as a guide to measure and administer medication accurately.
  • Ensures the infusion delivers the medication at a steady, consistent rate to achieve the optimal therapeutic outcome.
Knowing the concentration helps healthcare providers adjust dosages easily if the patient's condition changes or if there is a need to switch medications. This knowledge is crucial in minimizing medication errors and ensuring patient safety during treatment.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Order: Esmolol \(2.5 \mathrm{~g}\) in \(250 \mathrm{~mL} 0.9 \% \mathrm{NS}\) at \(30 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{hr}\). Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{hr}\) b. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{min}\)

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Norepinephrine (Levophed) 2 to \(6 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}\) has been ordered to maintain a client's systolic blood pressure at \(100 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}\). The solution concentration is \(2 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(500 \mathrm{~mL}\) D5W. Determine the flow rate setting for a volumetric pump.

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Esmolol is to titrate between 50 to \(75 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}\). The client weighs \(60 \mathrm{~kg}\). The solution strength is \(5,000 \mathrm{mg}\) of esmolol in \(500 \mathrm{~mL}\) D5W. a. Determine the flow rate for a volumetric pump. b. The titration rate is at \(24 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{hr}\). What is the dosage infusing per minute?

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. A client is receiving lidocaine \(1 \mathrm{~g}\) in \(500 \mathrm{~mL}\) D5W at a rate of \(20 \mathrm{~mL} / \mathrm{hr}\). Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{hr}\) b. \(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{min}\)

Calculate the dosages as indicated. Use the labels where provided. Inocor \(250 \mathrm{mg}\) in \(250 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.9 \%\) NS to infuse at a rate of \(5 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}\) is ordered for a client weighing 165 lb. Calculate the following: a. \(\mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}\) b. \(\mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{hr}\) c. \(\mathrm{mL} / \mathrm{hr}\)
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