/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 23 What part of ATP is broken to re... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 6: Problem 23

What part of ATP is broken to release energy for use in chemical reactions? a. the adenosine molecule b. the bond between the first and second phosphates c. the bond between the first phosphate and the adenosine molecule d.the bond between the second and third phosphates

Short Answer

Expert verified
d. the bond between the second and third phosphates

Step by step solution

01

- Identify ATP structure

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is composed of an adenosine molecule attached to three phosphate groups.
02

- Understand energy release in ATP

The energy release from ATP comes from breaking high-energy bonds between the phosphate groups.
03

- Determine which bond releases energy

Among the phosphate bonds, the bond between the second and third phosphate groups (called the terminal phosphate bond) is the one most commonly broken to release energy.
04

- Select the correct answer

Given the options: a. the adenosine molecule b. the bond between the first and second phosphates c. the bond between the first phosphate and the adenosine molecule d.the bond between the second and third phosphates The correct answer is: d. the bond between the second and third phosphates.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is a small molecule that cells use for energy. It's like a fully charged battery ready to power various cellular activities. ATP is composed of three main parts: an adenosine molecule and three phosphate groups. The adenosine part consists of adenine (a nitrogenous base) and ribose (a sugar molecule). The three phosphate groups are attached in a linear sequence. This structure is crucial for ATP's role in energy transfer within cells.
Phosphate bonds
Phosphate bonds are the key to ATP's ability to store and release energy. These bonds link the three phosphate groups together. The bonds are labeled as follows: First is the bond between the adenosine molecule and the first phosphate, then the bond between the first and second phosphates, and finally, the bond between the second and third phosphates. The latter two are particularly important because they are considered 'high-energy' bonds. Breaking any of these bonds releases energy that cells can harness. However, the bond between the second and third phosphate (terminal phosphate bond) is the most commonly broken one to release energy.
High-energy bonds
When we talk about high-energy bonds in ATP, we are referring to the bonds connecting phosphate groups. These bonds store a significant amount of energy. When a cell needs energy for various functions, it breaks the terminal phosphate bond between the second and third phosphate groups. This reaction releases energy, which can then be used for cellular activities like muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and active transport. The breaking of this bond converts ATP into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a free phosphate group, releasing energy in the process. Think of it like breaking a glow stick to activate its light; breaking the bond activates energy in ATP.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Energy can be taken in as glucose, then has to be converted to a form that can be easily used to perform work in cells. What is the name of the latter molecule? a. anabolic molecules b. cholesterol c. electrolytes d. adenosine triphosphate

How does enzyme feedback inhibition benefit a cell? a. Feedback inhibition benefits the cell by blocking the production of the products by changing the configuration of enzymes. This will prevent the cells from becoming toxic. b. Feedback inhibition benefits the cell by blocking the production of the reactants by changing the configuration of enzymes. This will prevent the cells from becoming toxic. c. Feedback inhibition benefits the cell by blocking the production of the products by changing the configuration of reactants. This will prevent the cells from becoming toxic. d. Feedback inhibition benefits the cell by blocking the production of the products by reducing the reactants. This will prevent the cells from becoming toxic.

Energy transfers occur constantly in daily activities. Think of two scenarios: cooking on a stove and driving a car. For each scenario, describe the system and explain how the second law of thermodynamics applies to the system in terms of energy input and change in entropy

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of free energy coupling. The free energy derived from exergonic ATP hydrolysis is used to pump sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule releases 7.3 kcal/mol of free energy \((\Delta G=-7.3\) kcal/mol). If it takes 2.1 kcal/mol of free energy to move one \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) across the membrane \((\Delta G=+2.1\) kcal/mol) how many sodium ions could be moved by the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule? Show your calculations to provide reasoning for your answer.

Explain the conversion of energy that takes place when the sluice of a dam is opened. a. Potential energy stored in the water held by the dam will convert to kinetic energy when it falls through the opening of the sluice. b. Kinetic energy stored in the water held by the dam will convert to potential energy when it falls through the opening of the sluice. c. Potential energy stored in the water held by the dam will convert to electrical energy, when it falls through the opening of the sluice. d. Hydrothermal energy stored in the water held by the dam will convert to kinetic energy, when it falls through the opening of the sluice.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Ecological Levels

Read Explanation

Reproduction

Read Explanation

Astrobiological Science

Read Explanation

Cellular Energetics

Read Explanation

Bioenergetics

Read Explanation

Energy Transfers

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.