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Chapter 25: Problem 34

What is the role of gastrin in food digestion and absorption? a. Gastrin stimulates release of stomach acid. b. Gastrin stimulates production of bicarbonate. c. Gastrin stimulates pancreatic juice production. d. Gastrin stops the release of stomach acid.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Gastrin stimulates release of stomach acid.

Step by step solution

01

- Understand the role of gastrin

Gastrin is a hormone produced by G-cells in the stomach lining. Its primary function in digestion is to regulate the secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the stomach.
02

- Match function to options

Analyze each option: a. Gastrin stimulates the release of stomach acid. b. Gastrin stimulates the production of bicarbonate. c. Gastrin stimulates pancreatic juice production. d. Gastrin stops the release of stomach acid.
03

- Choose the correct answer

The option that correctly matches the primary function of gastrin is: a. Gastrin stimulates the release of stomach acid.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Role of Gastrin
Gastrin plays a crucial role in the digestive system. It is a hormone produced by G-cells located in the stomach lining. When you eat, your stomach stretches and your nervous system releases signals to stimulate the production of gastrin. This hormone is essential for several reasons:
  • It promotes the secretion of gastric acid (HCl).
  • Facilitates the breakdown of food in the stomach.
  • Enhances the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.

Knowing this, it's easy to see how gastrin's main role revolves around preparing your stomach to deal with incoming food.
Stomach Acid Secretion
Stomach acid, primarily hydrochloric acid (HCl), is a powerhouse in the digestive process. Gastrin significantly contributes to this by stimulating the release of stomach acid. When gastrin is released, it triggers parietal cells in the stomach lining to produce more HCl.
Here's why stomach acid is so important:
  • It helps break down proteins into smaller peptides, making them easier to digest.
  • Acts as a defense mechanism, killing harmful bacteria and pathogens in food.
  • Creates an acidic environment, which is necessary for the activation of pepsin, an important digestive enzyme.

Without adequate stomach acid, digestion can be impaired, leading to problems like nutrient deficiencies and bacterial overgrowth.
Gastric Acid Regulation
The regulation of gastric acid is intricate and fascinating. It involves a feedback loop to ensure that the stomach does not become too acidic. Gastrin acts as a key player in this regulation.
Here are the main steps in this regulatory process:
  • 1. Gastrin Release: Food stretches the stomach, and nerves signal the release of gastrin.
  • 2. Acid Secretion: Gastrin stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl.
  • 3. Feedback Inhibition: Once enough HCl is produced, the acidity in the stomach inhibits further release of gastrin to prevent excessive acidity.

This feedback mechanism ensures that your stomach maintains the right pH balance, optimizing digestion and protecting the stomach lining from damage.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements about digestion is true? a. Pepsin is converted to pepsinogen with the help of hydrochloric acid. b. Starch digestion begins in the mouth. c. Wave-like muscle movements called peristalsis move food from the stomach to the mouth. d. Amino acids are absorbed through the intestinal lining of the ileum.

What is the evolutionary significance of glycogen production? a. Excess ATP and glucose produce glycogen, which can be used at a later point in time to act as co-factor if, for example, a good source is scarce. b. Excess proteins and glucose produce glycogen, which can be used at a later point in time to produce energy if, for example, food is scarce. c. Excess ATP and glucose produce glycogen, which can be used at a later point in time to produce energy if, for example, food is scarce. d. Excess proteins and fats produce glycogen, which can be used at a later point in time to act as source of nitrogen if, for example, a good source is scarce.

What is the role of saliva in the digestive system? a. Saliva contains an enzyme called amylase, which starts the chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down proteins. b. Saliva contains an enzyme called lipase, which starts chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down proteins. c. Saliva contains an enzyme called maltase, which starts chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down carbohydrates. d. Saliva contains an enzyme called amylase, which starts chemical digestion in the mouth by breaking down carbohydrates.

Chemical and mechanical digestion begins in the mouth, and food is prepared into a _________, which is then swallowed. a. bolus b. trachea c. peristalsis d. sphincter

When you eat an apple, it is first physically broken down into smaller fragments. What is the term for this process? a. elimination b. absorption c. mastication d. peristalsis
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