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Chapter 23: Problem 89

During a severe drought, the soil becomes dry and its water potential decreases. Many plants will wilt in such an environment. Consider that the overall water potential for a system is represented by the equation: \Psisystem \(=\Psi\) total \(=\Psi_{S}+\Psi_{P}+\Psi_{g}+\Psi_{m}\) What is one reason that plants are unable to draw water from the soil? a. The water potential of the soil becomes lower than the water potential of the plants. b. The water potential of the soil becomes lower than the solute potential of the plants. c. The water potential of the soil becomes higher than the water potential of the plants. d. The solute potential of the soil becomes lower than the water potential of the plants.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. The water potential of the soil becomes lower than the water potential of the plants.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the concepts

The equation \(\Psi\text{system} = \Psi\text{total} = \Psi_{S} + \Psi_{P} + \Psi_{g} + \Psi_{m}\)represents the total water potential of a system, where \(\Psi_{S}\) is solute potential, \(\Psi_{P}\) is pressure potential, \(\Psi_{g}\) is gravitational potential, and \(\Psi_{m}\) is matric potential. Water moves from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential.
02

Analyze the effect of drought

During a drought, the soil becomes dry and its water potential decreases significantly because the water content in the soil decreases, reducing the water potential.
03

Compare water potentials

As a result of the drought, the water potential of the soil becomes lower than the water potential of the plants. Since water moves from higher to lower water potential, plants in such environments cannot draw water from the soil.
04

Choose the correct option

The most suitable answer would be the one that correctly states the relationship between soil and plant water potentials under drought conditions. Therefore, the answer is: a. The water potential of the soil becomes lower than the water potential of the plants.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

water potential equation
Water potential is a fundamental concept in plant physiology, denoted generally as \(\Psi\). It determines the direction in which water moves. The water potential equation is expressed as: \[\Psi_{\text{system}} = \Psi_{\text{total}} = \Psi_{S} + \Psi_{P} + \Psi_{g} + \Psi_{m}\]\

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Modified organs are part of survival strategies of plants. Which of these plants has a flattened, photosynthetic stem that could be mistaken for a leaf? a. fern b. cactus c. potato d. iris

A pulse of sugars labelled with a fluorescent dye is supplied to leaves of young plants. After a brief interval, tissue sections are obtained from the plant and examined under the fluorescence microscope. Tissues are scored for the presence of fluorescence and ranked from very high to low fluorescence. Which cells would contain the most fluorescence? a. xylem b. companion cells c. sieve elements d. epidermis

Scientists on a new project to restore a damaged salt marsh are investigating several plants that could be introduced. Plant X is considered a possible candidate. Before the decision is made, the following data are examined. Assume that the contribution of gravity and matric potential are negligible and can be ignored. Recall that the overall water potential for a system is represented by the equation: \(\Psi\) system \(=\Psi\) total \(=\Psi_{\mathrm{S}}+\Psi_{\mathrm{P}}+\Psi \mathrm{g}+\Psi \mathrm{m}\) overall \(\Psi\) of the soil: \(-2.1\) MPa solute potential of the plant鈥檚 cell contents: -0.12MPa pressure potential \((\Psi p)\) of the plant鈥檚 cells: -2.3 MPa Is Plant X a good candidate for introduction to the salt marsh? a. Yes, because the overall water potential of the plant is less negative than the water potential of the soil. b. No, because the overall water potential of the plant is less negative than the water potential of the soil. c. Yes, because the overall water potential of the plant is more negative than the water potential of the soil. d. No, because the overall water potential of the plant is more negative than the water potential of the soil.

A florist decided to paint the leaves of poinsettia with a gold paint to embellish them. The plant soon wilted and the leaves drooped. What explains this damage? a. The paint clogged the stomata. Without photosynthesis, the plant could not pull water from the soil. b. The paint clogged the stomata. Without transpiration, the plant could not pull water from the soil. c. The paint clogged the hydathodes. Without transpiration, the plant could not pull water from the soil. d. The paint clogged the stomata. Without guttation, the plant could not pull water from the soil.

An herbicide is developed that impairs the function of the cork cambium in woody plants. Which changes in the plant should be monitored to gauge the effectiveness of the herbicide? a. Cork will not be produced and the plant will not increase in girth. b. Excess cork will be produced and annual rings will not be formed. c. Cork will not be produced and the plant will not be able to exchange gases. d. Excess cork will be produced and the plant will not increase in girth.
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