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Chapter 21: Problem 22

Which virus causes parotitis? a. measles virus b. norovirus c. HIV d. mumps virus

Short Answer

Expert verified
d. mumps virus

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Question

Identify the medical condition mentioned in the question, which is parotitis. Note that parotitis is the inflammation of the parotid glands, which are responsible for producing saliva.
02

Review the Answer Choices

Evaluate each answer choice to understand which virus is linked to parotitis. The options provided are: measles virus, norovirus, HIV, and mumps virus.
03

Recall Medical Knowledge

Recall or research information about parotitis and its cause. The most common cause of parotitis is an infection by the mumps virus.
04

Select the Correct Answer

Based on medical knowledge, choose the option that correctly matches the cause of parotitis.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

parotid gland inflammation
Parotid gland inflammation, also called parotitis, is a medical condition that affects the parotid glands. These glands are located in front of and just below each ear. They are responsible for producing saliva, which helps in the digestion of food and keeps the mouth moist. Inflammation occurs when these glands swell due to infection or other factors. Symptoms of parotid gland inflammation include swelling and pain near the jaw, dry mouth, and sometimes fever and chills. The condition can be caused by bacterial infections or viral infections, among other factors.
mumps virus
The mumps virus is a contagious virus that causes parotitis, an inflammation of the parotid glands. Mumps spreads through infected saliva, often via coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils. Symptoms often begin with fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, and loss of appetite. Followed by swelling of the salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands. Vaccination, specifically the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine, has made mumps much less common. However, outbreaks still happen, especially in communities with low vaccination rates.
medical condition identification
Identifying medical conditions like parotitis involves understanding symptoms, conducting physical examinations, and performing diagnostic tests. Doctors start by taking a detailed medical history and asking about recent illnesses or symptoms. They may feel the swollen glands and look inside the mouth for signs of infection. In some cases, further tests like blood tests, imaging scans, or even a sample of saliva may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and identify the exact cause of the inflammation, such as the mumps virus.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements about the viral replication cycle is accurate? a. The viral replication cycle does not affect the structure of the host cell. b. The viral replication cycle cannot affect genetic material of the host cell. c. The viral replication cycle has seven basic steps. d. The viral replication cycle can change cell functions or even destroy the host cell.

Viruses were first discovered after the development of the porcelain filter, called the Chamberland-Pasteur filter. How did the porcelain filter enable scientists to discover viruses? a. The porcelain filter removed diseases from a liquid sample. b. The porcelain filter removed virions from a liquid sample. c. The porcelain filter removed bacteria from a liquid sample. d. The porcelain filter removed a disease from tobacco plants.

For most people, the measles virus does not cause a serious illness. Symptoms include fever and a rash, but the symptoms are usually gone in about a week. However, for some, the measles virus can be much more serious. How can the measles virus cause a potentially fatal illness? a. Measles can cause meningococcal disease, which causes severe headaches, seizures and in severe cases can be life-threatening. b. Measles can cause variant Creutzfeldt鈥揓akob disease, which causes severe headaches, seizures and in severe cases can be life-threatening. c. Measles can cause encephalitis/meningitis, which causes severe headaches, seizures and in severe cases can be life-threatening. d. Measles can cause Legionnaires鈥� disease, which causes severe headaches, seizures and in severe cases can be life-threatening.

Compare the lytic and lysogenic cycles and explain which cycle has the potential to produce the most virions. a. The lytic cycle can theoretically produce more virions as the viral genome is incorporated into the host cell鈥檚 genome replicating along with the host cell. b. The lysogenic cycle can theoretically produce more virions as the reproductive cycle of viruses undergoing lysogeny is much faster than the reproductive cycle of viruses following lytic cycle. c. The lysogenic cycle can theoretically produce more virions as the viral genome is incorporated into the host cell鈥檚 genome replicating along with the host cell. d. The lytic cycle can theoretically produce more virions as the prophage following lysogenic cycle ultimately gets excised from the host cell鈥檚 genome and enter the lytic cycle

Which of the following statements best describes vaccines? a. Vaccines kill viruses. b. Vaccines stimulate an immune response against future infections. c. Vaccines inhibit the virus by blocking the action of key viral proteins. d. Vaccines control and reduce symptoms.
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