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Chapter 2: Problem 14

What is the maximum number of atoms or molecules a single carbon atom can bond with? a. 4 b. 1 C. 6 d. 2

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. 4

Step by step solution

01

Understand Carbon's Valence Electrons

Carbon has 4 valence electrons in its outer shell. These electrons are available to form bonds with other atoms or molecules.
02

Determine the Type of Bonds

Carbon atoms typically form covalent bonds. A covalent bond involves the sharing of a pair of valence electrons between atoms.
03

Calculate Maximum Bonds

Since carbon has 4 valence electrons and can share each of these with another atom to form a total of 4 covalent bonds, this means carbon can form bonds with up to 4 other atoms or molecules simultaneously.
04

Select the Correct Answer

Based on the calculation above, the maximum number of atoms or molecules a single carbon atom can bond with is 4.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the electrons found in the outermost electron shell of an atom. They are very important because they determine how an atom will interact and bond with other atoms. Carbon, which has an atomic number of 6, has 4 valence electrons. These 4 electrons are available to form bonds with other atoms or molecules. Understanding the concept of valence electrons helps us predict the behavior of carbon in chemical reactions and bonding.
Covalent Bonds
Covalent bonds are a type of chemical bond formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms. Unlike ionic bonds, where electrons are transferred from one atom to another, covalent bonds involve sharing electrons in order to achieve a full outer shell. For example, a single carbon atom can form covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, because it has four valence electrons to share. These shared electrons help all the involved atoms achieve a stable electron configuration.
Molecular Structure
The molecular structure of a compound refers to how atoms are arranged in space and how they are bonded together. In the case of carbon, the ability to form four covalent bonds adds to the complexity and variability of molecular structures it can create. As a result, carbon can form a wide variety of structures, including linear, branched, and ring structures. It is the backbone of organic chemistry, forming the basis of many molecules essential for life.
Chemical Bonding
Chemical bonding is the process by which atoms combine to form molecules. This process is driven by the atoms' desire to achieve a stable electron configuration, often filling their outermost electron shell. Carbon, with its four valence electrons, can form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms. This property makes carbon incredibly versatile, allowing it to bond with a variety of different atoms and form a diverse array of compounds. Understanding chemical bonding is essential for comprehending how different molecules form and interact.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Compare and contrast saturated and unsaturated triglycerides. a. Saturated triglycerides contain single bonds and are solids at room temperature, while unsaturated triglycerides contain double bonds and are liquids at room temperature. b. Saturated triglycerides contain double bonds and are solids at room temperature, while unsaturated triglycerides contain single bonds and are liquids at room temperature. C. Saturated triglycerides contain single bonds and are liquids at room temperature, while unsaturated triglycerides contain double bonds and are solids at room temperature. d. Saturated triglycerides contain double bonds and are liquids at room temperature, while unsaturated triglycerides contain single bond and are solids at room temperature.

Which of the following functional groups is not polar? a. carbonyl b. hydroxyl c. methyl d. sulfhydryl

What happens to the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of a solution when acids are added? a. The pH of the solution decreases. b. The pH of the solution increases. c. The pH of the solution increases and then decreases. d. The pH of the solution stays the same.

Which of the following statements is true? a. Molecules with the formulas \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) and \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) could be structural isomers. b. Molecules must have a single bond to be cis- trans isomers. c. To be enantiomers, a molecule must have at least three different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon d. To be enantiomers, a molecule must have at least four different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon

Which of the following statements is not true? a. Water is polar. b. Water can stabilize the temperature of nearby air. c. Water is essential for life. d. Water is the most abundant molecule in the Earth's atmosphere.
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