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Chapter 17: Problem 14

The chain termination method of sequencing uses what? a. labeled ddNTPs b. only dideoxynucleotides c. only deoxynucleotides d. labeled dNTPs

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. labeled ddNTPs

Step by step solution

01

- Understand Chain Termination Sequencing

Chain termination sequencing, also known as Sanger sequencing, is a method used to determine the nucleotide sequence of DNA. It uses special modified nucleotides known as dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) to terminate DNA strand elongation.
02

- Identify Role of ddNTPs

In Sanger sequencing, the ddNTPs are labeled to allow for detection. These labeled ddNTPs terminate the DNA sequence because they lack the 3'-OH group necessary for forming a phosphodiester bond with the next nucleotide.
03

- Analyze the Options

Evaluate the given choices:- a) labeled ddNTPs: These are used in Sanger sequencing to terminate DNA strands and allow for detection.- b) only dideoxynucleotides: Not entirely correct because they must be labeled.- c) only deoxynucleotides: Incorrect, as regular dNTPs are also involved but not primarily responsible for termination.- d) labeled dNTPs: Incorrect; dNTPs must be specifically labeled ddNTPs.
04

- Choose the Correct Answer

From the analysis, the correct answer is a) labeled ddNTPs as they are necessary for the termination and detection of DNA sequences in chain termination sequencing.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chain Termination
Chain termination is a crucial concept in Sanger sequencing. This method is used to determine the order of nucleotides in a DNA strand. In this technique, DNA synthesis is prematurely terminated by incorporating modified nucleotides called dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs).
ddNTPs
Dideoxynucleotides, abbreviated as ddNTPs, play a key role in the chain termination method. Unlike regular deoxynucleotides (dNTPs), ddNTPs lack a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 3' carbon position. This absence prevents the formation of a phosphodiester bond with the next nucleotide, effectively halting the elongation of the DNA strand.
DNA Sequence Determination
DNA sequence determination in the chain termination method is achieved by using labeled ddNTPs. Each of the four types of ddNTP (ddATP, ddTTP, ddGTP, ddCTP) is tagged with a detectable marker. When they are incorporated into a growing DNA strand, they terminate the sequence, and their labeled markers allow scientists to identify the specific nucleotide at each terminated position. By analyzing the resulting fragments, the original DNA sequence can be reconstructed.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If you had a chance to get your genome sequenced, what are some questions you might be able to have answered about yourself? a. One can determine the drugs that can rectify a disease, symptoms of the disease and its severity. b. One can determine the ancestry and genetic origin of diseases and their susceptibility to drugs. c. One can predict the symptoms of a disease, the vectors to be used in gene therapy and the causal organism of the disease. d. One can determine the pedigree of a disease, produce recombinants and detect the presence of extracellular genes using FISH.

What is the greatest challenge facing genome sequencing? a. the lack of resources and use of chemicals for the sequencing of the DNA fragments b. the ethical issues such as discrimination based on person鈥檚 genetics c. the use of chemicals during the sequencing methods that could incorporate mutations d. the scientific issues, like conserving the human genome sequences

How could a proteomic map of the human genome help find a cure for cancer? a. A genetic map could help in identifying genes that could counteract the cause of cancer. b. Metabolomics can be used to study the genes producing metabolites during cancer. c. Proteomics detects biomarkers whose expression is affected by the disease process. d. The mapping helps in analyzing the inheritance of cancer-causing genes.

The rapid identification of new species and the analysis of the effect of pollutants on the environment is a function of what? a. metagenomics b. linkage analysis c. genomics d. shotgun sequencing

What is required in addition to a genetic linkage map to build a complete picture of the genome? a. a genetic marker b. a physical map c. linkage analysis of chromosomes d. plasmids
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