/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 2 Fixed action patterns are initia... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 6: Problem 2

Fixed action patterns are initiated by external stimuli called (A) agonistic behavior (B) altruistic behavior (C) sign stimuli (D) associative learning (E) initial visual imprinting

Short Answer

Expert verified
(C) sign stimuli

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Question

The question asks about the mechanism that initiates fixed action patterns (FAPs). A fixed action pattern is a sequence of innate behaviors that is triggered by a specific external cue or stimulus.
02

Identifying Key Concepts

We break down 'fixed action patterns' and 'external stimuli'. Fixed action patterns are instinctual and automatic responses to certain stimuli, often observed in animal behavior studies.
03

Recognizing Triggering Mechanism

The question focuses on identifying what type of external stimulus or mechanism causes fixed action patterns to start. We need to consider concepts related to behavioral triggers.
04

Reviewing Option Choices

Analyze each option provided: - (A) Agonistic behavior: relates to social conflict. - (B) Altruistic behavior: involves selfless actions for others. - (C) Sign stimuli: external cues that trigger FAPs. - (D) Associative learning: involves learning through association. - (E) Initial visual imprinting: a form of early learning based on visual cues.
05

Matching Definition with Options

Relate the definition of FAPs with the listed options. Fixed action patterns are typically triggered by 'sign stimuli', which means cues that cause these automatic patterns to begin.
06

Conclusion

Based on the match between definitions and options, 'sign stimuli' (C) is the mechanism that initiates fixed action patterns.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sign Stimuli
Sign stimuli are specific external cues that trigger fixed action patterns (FAPs) in animals. These stimuli are crucial in initiating a sequence of behaviors that are innate and hardwired into an animal's neurological makeup.
Unlike learned behaviors, sign stimuli are recognized immediately by the animal, which leads to an automatic response.
  • They act as a trigger.
  • The response is involuntary and predictable.
  • They are often specific to a species.
A classic example of a sign stimulus is a red spot on a herring gull's beak, which prompts chicks to peck at it in order to receive food. These triggers help ensure survival by eliciting necessary behaviors from the animals.
Animal Behavior
Animal behavior includes all the ways animals interact with their environment and other organisms. These behaviors can be observed in a multitude of forms such as foraging, mating, and social interactions. Animal behavior is studied in the field of ethology, which analyzes everything from simple actions to complex sequences.
Some behaviors are learned, while others are innate.
  • Responses to environmental changes.
  • Survival and reproduction-focused.
  • Influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
For animals, one crucial aspect is being able to identify and respond to the right stimuli, such as those prompting fixed action patterns. This ability often differentiates successful from unsuccessful individuals in their ecological niches.
Behavioral Triggers
Behavioral triggers are various stimuli that initiate specific behavioral responses in animals. In the realm of fixed action patterns, sign stimuli are a subset that specifically encourages these innate sequences. However, triggers can be much broader in behavioral studies. Understanding why a certain trigger causes a specific, reliable response is integral to ethology.
Triggers are sorted into internal, such as hunger, and external categories.
  • Internal triggers relate to an animal's physiological state.
  • External triggers often come from the environment.
  • Natural selection plays a significant role in shaping trigger responsiveness.
Behavioral triggers are fundamental to understanding how instinctual acts are controlled and why they persist throughout an animal鈥檚 life.
Innate Behaviors
Innate behaviors are those an animal is born with and undertakes without prior experience or learning. These instinctual actions are typically governed by genetic coding and are crucial for survival. Fixed action patterns (FAPs) are classic examples of innate behaviors. Innate behaviors provide essential survival functions, especially in early stages of life.
Defined by rigid patterns, these behaviors do not need guidance from others nor practice to be executed properly.
  • Quick responses to the environment.
  • Genetically transmitted and encoded.
  • Characteristic of a species, often observable across different individuals.
They play a pivotal role in situations where fast, reliable reactions are necessary, such as predator evasion, mating rituals, and feeding responses.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Questions \(23-25\) In a certain population of rabbits in the midwestern United States, there are two alleles for coat color, brown and white. Brown is dominant, and white is recessive. The frequency of white-colored rabbits is 9\(\% .\) Wolves are also present in the area, and rabbits constitute a major portion of their diet. Foxes recognize prey when they do not blend in to the environment. If the climate were to change so that snow covered the ground much of the time, what change in the population of rabbits would you expect? (A) The frequency of the white allele would increase. (B) The frequency of the white allele would decrease. (C) The frequency of the brown allele would increase. (D) The population of wolves would decrease and then increase. (E) The population of wolves would increase and then decrease.

Convert 65.0 \(\mathrm{nm}\) to \(\mu \mathrm{m} .\) (A) 650 . (B) \(6,500\) . (C) \(65,000\) . (D) 0.065 (E) 0.65

(A) Tundra (B) Marine biome (C) Desert (D) Temperate deciduous forest (E) Tropical rain forest Provides most of Earth's food and oxygen

Questions \(19-22\) (A) Marine biome (B) Desert (C) Taiga (D) Temperate grasslands (E) Tundra Has the most stable temperatures

Deep-ocean communities (abyssal zone) are dimly lit and have very few photosynthetic organisms. Which of the following is true of these areas? (A) Primary productivity is high (B) Levels of dissolved oxygen are low (C) Contain most of the organisms in the oceans (D) High concentration of algae (E) High concentration of green plants
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks

Responding to Change

Read Explanation

Cell Communication

Read Explanation

Cell Cycle

Read Explanation

Biological Molecules

Read Explanation

Plant Biology

Read Explanation

Heredity

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.