Explanations 
Textbooks 
Flashcards 
91影视 AI 
Notes 
Study Plans 
Study Sets 
Find a degree 
Magazine Chapter 2: Problem 8
Which of the following is correctly matched? (A) Proteins- nucleotides (B) Lipids-glycerol (C) Carbohydrates- amino acids (D) DNA- glucose (E) None of the above is correctly matched.
Short Answer
Expert verified
Option B is correctly matched.
Step by step solution
01
Understand the Pairings
The options provide several pairs of biological molecules. We need to determine if each pair reflects an accurate relationship between a type of molecule and its building blocks or components.
02
Analyze Option A (Proteins - nucleotides)
Proteins are made up of amino acids, not nucleotides. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA), not proteins. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
03
Analyze Option B (Lipids - glycerol)
Lipids often consist of glycerol combined with fatty acids. In many lipids, like triglycerides, glycerol forms the backbone to which fatty acids are attached. Therefore, this option is correctly matched.
04
Analyze Option C (Carbohydrates - amino acids)
Carbohydrates are composed of sugar units like glucose, not amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not carbohydrates. Thus, this option is incorrect.
05
Analyze Option D (DNA - glucose)
DNA consists of nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar called deoxyribose, not glucose. Glucose is a simple sugar that is part of carbohydrates. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
06
Consider Option E (None of the above is correctly matched)
Since option B (Lipids - glycerol) is correctly matched, option E is incorrect.
Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!
-
Full Textbook Solutions
Get detailed explanations and key concepts
-
Unlimited Al creation
Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...
-
Ads-free access
To over 500 millions flashcards
-
Money-back guarantee
We refund you if you fail your exam.
Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!
Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Proteins
Proteins are essential macromolecules found in all living organisms. They are composed of smaller units called amino acids. Think of proteins as lego structures, where each block is an amino acid.
Here's how proteins come together:
So, the pairing of 'Proteins with nucleotides' in the exercise is incorrect. Nucleotides make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
Here's how proteins come together:
- Amino Acids are linked together by peptide bonds forming polypeptide chains.
- These chains then fold into specific three-dimensional shapes, determining a protein's function.
So, the pairing of 'Proteins with nucleotides' in the exercise is incorrect. Nucleotides make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
Lipids
Lipids are a diverse group of biomolecules primarily composed of hydrocarbons. They include fats, oils, and waxes. One major role of lipids is energy storage.
The structure of a common lipid, triglyceride, involves:
Lipids also play crucial roles in forming cell membranes and are essential in signaling pathways within cells.
The structure of a common lipid, triglyceride, involves:
- A backbone of glycerol
- Three fatty acids attached to the glycerol molecule
Lipids also play crucial roles in forming cell membranes and are essential in signaling pathways within cells.
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. They are not related to proteins directly, as suggested in the exercise's incorrect pairing.
Each nucleotide consists of:
Apart from genetics, they also play roles in cell signaling and energy transfer, with ATP being a prime example.
Each nucleotide consists of:
- a sugar (either deoxyribose or ribose)
- a phosphate group
- a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil in RNA)
Apart from genetics, they also play roles in cell signaling and energy transfer, with ATP being a prime example.
Glycerol
Glycerol is a simple polyol compound. It plays a significant role in lipids, where it's commonly found as part of the backbone structure.
Key points about glycerol:
Key points about glycerol:
- It has three hydroxyl groups, which makes it highly soluble in water.
- Within lipids, it functions as the scaffold to which fatty acids are esterified, forming triglycerides and phospholipids.
Biomolecules
Biomolecules are organic molecules present in living organisms that are essential for various biological processes. They include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
The four main categories of biomolecules each have unique roles:
The four main categories of biomolecules each have unique roles:
- Proteins: Enzymatic functions, structural roles, and signaling.
- Lipids: Energy storage and forming cell membranes.
- Carbohydrates: Provide energy and structural support.
- Nucleic Acids: Store and transfer genetic information.
