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Chapter 48: Problem 10

After ovulation the secondary oocyte enters the (a) ovary (b) corpus luteum (c) cervix (d) oviduct (e) vagina

Short Answer

Expert verified
The secondary oocyte enters the oviduct after ovulation.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Process

Understand that after ovulation, the secondary oocyte is released from the ovary and needs to be transported to a location where fertilization can occur.
02

Review Each Option

Analyze each option: (a) ovary is where the oocyte leaves, (b) corpus luteum is formed in the ovary post ovulation, (c) cervix is a part of the uterus, (e) vagina is a birth canal. The most relevant option for where an oocyte travels after ovulation is the (d) oviduct, also known as the fallopian tube.
03

Understand the Role of Oviduct

Recognize that the oviduct (fallopian tube) is where the secondary oocyte travels to after leaving the ovary. This is the typical site for fertilization, making it the expected pathway after ovulation.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Ovulation
Ovulation is a crucial process in the human reproductive cycle, occurring typically once in each menstrual cycle. It involves the release of a mature egg, or oocyte, from the ovary. This usually happens midway through the cycle, around the 14th day of an average 28-day cycle.
During ovulation:
  • Hormonal changes occur, particularly the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), which triggers the release of the oocyte.
  • The mature follicle bursts open to release the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity.
  • This event marks the transition from the follicular phase to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Once released, the oocyte is viable for fertilization for about 12 to 24 hours. However, if not fertilized by the sperm during this time, it will degrade and be absorbed by the body.
Oocyte Transportation
Once ovulation releases the oocyte, its transportation is crucial for potential fertilization. The journey begins as tiny, finger-like projections called fimbriae sweep the oocyte from the pelvic cavity into the fallopian tube. This process is facilitated by several factors:
  • Peristaltic movements of the fallopian tube's muscular walls gently push the oocyte toward the uterus.
  • Cilia, tiny hair-like structures lining the tube, wave in coordinated motions to aid in this process.
This active transportation ensures the oocyte reaches a location within the fallopian tube where it can potentially meet sperm.
Fallopian Tube
The fallopian tube, also known as the oviduct, is a slender, tubular structure connecting the ovaries to the uterus. It plays a critical role in reproduction by serving as the passageway for the oocyte post-ovulation. Each of the two fallopian tubes spans approximately 10 to 12 centimeters and consists of several parts:
  • The infundibulum, which captures the oocyte.
  • The ampulla, which is widened and often the site of fertilization.
  • The isthmus, leading to the uterus.
The tube's environment supports both the oocyte's lifespan and sperm survival, providing an ideal site for fertilization.
Fertilization Site
Fertilization usually occurs within the fallopian tube, specifically in the ampulla region. This site is perfectly suited for uniting the oocyte with sperm due to several facilitating factors:
  • The ampulla's expansive space allows room for the sperm and oocyte to meet.
  • Secretions in the tube offer nourishment and support sperm mobility and oocyte vitality.
Once fertilization takes place, the resulting zygote continues its journey towards the uterus for implantation. The success of this process hinges on the timely meeting of the oocyte and sperm, enabled by ovulation and efficient oocyte transportation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The hormone that reaches its highest level during the postovulatory phase is (a) progesterone (b) estrogen (c) \(\mathrm{FSH}\) (d) \(\mathrm{LH}\) (e) testosterone

The endometrium (a) is the muscle layer of the uterus (b) is thickest during the preovulatory phase (c) is the site of embryo implantation (d) lines the vagina (e) is directly affected by FSH

Hermaphroditism (a) is a form of asexual reproduction (b) occurs when an unfertilized egg develops into an adult animal (c) involves cross- fertilization between two animals (d) typically involves self-fertilization (e) typically involves only one animal.

Which of the following is not a hormonal type of contraception? (a) Depo-Provera (b) contraceptive diaphragm (c) injectable progestin (d) birth control patch (e) oral contraceptives.

Androgen-binding protein (a) is secreted by Sertoli cells (b) stimulates estrogen production (c) inhibits secretion of FSH (d) inhibits spermatogenesis (e) two of the preceding answers are correct.
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