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Chapter 35: Problem 10

After fertilization the ovule develops into a ____________, and the ovary into a ____________ (a) fruit; seed (b) seed; fruit (c) calyx; corolla (d) corolla; calyx (e) follicle; legume

Short Answer

Expert verified
(b) seed; fruit

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Process

After fertilization occurs in plants, the process involves transformation of certain parts of the flower. Specifically, the ovule undergoes a change to become a seed, while the ovary develops into a fruit. This is a fundamental concept in plant biology relating to plant reproduction.
02

Examining the Options

Now that we know the ovule develops into a seed and the ovary into a fruit, we will review the given options: (a) fruit; seed (b) seed; fruit (c) calyx; corolla (d) corolla; calyx (e) follicle; legume From our understanding, option (b) aligns with the biological process where the ovule becomes a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit.
03

Select the Correct Option

Based on the process that the ovule becomes a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit, the correct answer is option (b) "seed; fruit". This aligns with the fundamental biological transformation post-fertilization in flowering plants.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Ovule
The ovule is a fundamental part of a flower's reproductive system. It is the structure that will eventually develop into a seed after fertilization. Each flower can have one or more ovules housed within its ovary. Ovules are essential because they contain the female gametophyte, also known as the embryo sac.
  • The embryo sac within the ovule contains the egg cell, which is the focus during the process of fertilization.
  • Upon fertilization, the ovule provides the necessary environment and resources for the developing seed.
This transformation is a vital part of the plant's life cycle, ensuring the continuation of species through reproduction.
Ovary
The ovary in flowering plants is a crucial component located at the base of the pistil. Its primary function is to house and protect the ovules, ensuring successful fertilization.
  • Post-fertilization, the ovary undergoes significant changes to become a fruit.
  • This development is essential as fruits help in the dispersal and protection of seeds.
The transformation of the ovary into a fruit involves the enlarging and maturation of the tissues to surround and safeguard the seeds inside. This adaptation is an essential evolutionary feature enhancing seed distribution.
Fertilization
Fertilization is the pivotal process where male and female gametes unite to form a zygote. In flowering plants, this process occurs within the ovule.
  • Pollen grains, which contain male gametes, land on the stigma of a flower and grow a tube down through the style to reach an ovule.
  • Once the pollen tube reaches the ovule, sperm cells travel through it to fertilize the egg cell.
Successful fertilization triggers a cascade of developmental processes, resulting in the formation of seeds and the transformation of the ovary into a fruit.
Seed
After fertilization, the transformed ovule becomes a seed. The seed serves as the new plant embryo's home and is equipped with the nutrients it needs to begin growing.
  • Seeds are incredibly important for plant reproduction as they ensure the continuation of a plant species.
  • Each seed contains an embryo and may include food stores and a protective seed coat.
Seed dispersal is a critical stage in the life cycle as it allows plants to spread, reducing competition with the parent and ensuring widespread colonization.
Fruit
A fruit is the mature ovary of a flowering plant, containing seeds. Fruits develop from ovaries after fertilization and play a crucial role in protecting seeds and aiding in their dispersal.
  • Fruits can be fleshy or dry, each adapted to different dispersal mechanisms.
  • Animal consumption often aids in the dispersal of seeds encapsulated within fruit.
By transforming into fruits, plant ovaries enhance the likelihood of seed survival and propagation. This mechanism ensures that seeds can reach suitable environments for germination.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In flowering plants, the ____________ is/are large (multicellular) and nutritionally independent. (a) gametes (b) microspores (c) megaspores (d) mature gametophyte (e) mature sporophyte

The nutritive tissue in the seeds of flowering plants that is formed from the union of a sperm cell and two polar nuclei is called the (a) plumule (b) endosperm (c) cotyledon (d) hypocotyl (e) radicle

The ____________ is a multicellular structure that anchors the embryo and aids in nutrient uptake from the endosperm (a) proembryo (b) ovule (c) suspensor (d) cotyledon (e) pollen tube

Place the following events in the correct order: (1) pollen tube grows into ovule (2) insect lands on flower to drink nectar (3) embryo develops within the seed (4) fertilization occurs (5) pollen carried by insect contacts stigma (a) 2-5-1-4-3 (b) 1-4-2-5-3 (c) 3-2-5-1-4 (d) 5-1-3-4-2 (e) 2-5-4-3-1

In plants that lack endosperm in their mature seeds, the cotyledons function (a) to enclose and protect the seed (b) to aid in seed dispersal (c) as an absorptive embryonic root (d) to store food reserves (e) to attach the embryo within the ovul
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