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Chapter 39: Q.17 (page 1147)

How does the structure of alveoli maximize gas exchange?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The sac-like structure of the alveoli increases their surface area.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Introduction

The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out. Oxygen breathed in from the air passes through the alveoli and into the blood and travels to the tissues throughout the body.

02

Step 2. Explanation

  • The human airway is composed of the nose, throat, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, epiglottis, alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, and lungs.
  • A small sac called alveoli helps with gas exchange.
  • Alveoli have thin walls and a close network of blood arteries to allow gas exchange between blood and air-filled alveoli.
  • They have a balloon-like structure to maximize surface area in exchange for gas.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following statements about the mammalian respiratory system is false?

a. When we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea.

b. The bronchioles branch into bronchi.

c. Alveolar ducts connect to alveolar sacs.

d. Gas exchange between the lung and blood takes place in the alveolus.

Restrictive airway diseases ________.

a. increase the compliance of the lung

b. decrease the compliance of the lung

c. increase the lung volume

d. decrease the work of breathing

What is the reason for having residual volume in the lung?

Which is the order of airflow during inhalation?

a. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

b. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

c. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli

d. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli

The inspiratory reserve volume measures the ________.

a. amount of air remaining in the lung after a maximal exhalation

b. amount of air that the lung holds

c. amount of air that can be further exhaled after a normal breath

d. amount of air that can be further inhaled after a normal breath
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