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Chapter 39: Q.17 (page 1147)

How does the structure of alveoli maximize gas exchange?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The sac-like structure of the alveoli increases their surface area.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Introduction

The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out. Oxygen breathed in from the air passes through the alveoli and into the blood and travels to the tissues throughout the body.

02

Step 2. Explanation

  • The human airway is composed of the nose, throat, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, epiglottis, alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, and lungs.
  • A small sac called alveoli helps with gas exchange.
  • Alveoli have thin walls and a close network of blood arteries to allow gas exchange between blood and air-filled alveoli.
  • They have a balloon-like structure to maximize surface area in exchange for gas.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which is the order of airflow during inhalation?

a. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

b. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

c. nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli

d. nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli

The respiratory system ________.

a. provides body tissues with oxygen

b. provides body tissues with oxygen and carbon dioxide

c. establishes how many breaths are taken per minute

d. provides the body with carbon dioxide

How would paralysis of the diaphragm alter inspiration?

a. It would prevent contraction of the intercostal muscles.

b. It would prevent inhalation because the intrapleural pressure would not change.

c. It would decrease the intrapleural pressure and allow more air to enter the lungs.

d. It would slow expiration because the lung would not relax.

The majority of carbon dioxide in the blood is transported by ________.

a. binding to hemoglobin

b. dissolution in the blood

c. conversion to bicarbonate

d. binding to plasma proteins

Describe the function of these terms and describe where they are located: main bronchus, trachea, alveoli, and acinus.
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