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Ferns

• A fern is the sporophyte, which consists of large compound leaves called fronds
• .They are probably the most well-known seedless vascular plants.
• Ferns can be found in a variety of habitats, from the tropics to temperate woodlands.
• The majority of ferns like wet, shady environments.

The correct answer is option d.

The explanation for the correct statement is

• The life cycle shows an alternation of generation with the dominant sporophyte stage.
• By meiosis, the diploid sporophyte creates haploid spores.
• Mitosis transforms each spore into a photosynthetic prothallus (gametophyte).
• Mitosis creates gametes in each gametophyte.
• Sperm is produced within the gametophyte in a structure called an antheridium.
• An archegonium is a comparable structure that produces an egg.

The explanation for incorrect options -

option a -Sperm is produced within the gametophyte in an antheridium structure.

Option b - Spores are created by meiosis in the diploid sporophyte.

Option c - Gametes are produced in gametophytes.