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Themembrane-bound cell organelles, which produce the majority of the chemical energy required to power the biochemical reactions of the cell are known as mitochondria.

Mitochondria are the cell organelles, which are present in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes. Thousands of mitochondria are found in eukaryotic cells. Within the cell, mitochondria move around by associating with the cytoskeletal elements. The evolution of mitochondria has not taken place from the cytoskeletal elements or by the proliferation of the membrane. They have not even evolved by the photosynthetic cyanobacterium.

Thus, optionsa, b and dare incorrect.

Based on theendosymbiotic theory,the development of the eukaryotes has taken place by the engulfment of one cell by another one. With time, the engulfed cell goes through the process of evolution. It is considered that both thechloroplasts and mitochondria have evolved by the process of endosymbiosis. It is the symbiotic association in which one organism thrives within the other one.

Thus, the correct answer is option c.