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Roots are the vital underground part of vascular plants. The primary function of the root is providing anchorage to the plants by tightly holding the soil which makes the tree stand straight on the ground. It also helps in the absorption of water and dissolved minerals and the storage of minerals.

In the root, the outer layer of cells is called the epidermis, which covers the regions of ground tissue and vascular tissue. The main role of the epidermis is to provide protection and it also helps in the absorption of water and minerals.

Small thread-like structures extended from the root epidermis are called root hairs that increase the surface area and greatly contribute to water absorption. The circular and the outermost cell layer that is present in the root’s vascular tissue is known as the pericycle. Pericycle gives rise to lateral roots. In the absence of the pericycle, the roots would not be able to produce lateral roots.