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Chapter 28: Q. 26 (page 776)

Explain the function of nematocysts in cnidarians.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Nematocysts can be used for locomotion, but they are primarily used for hunting and defence.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

All cnidarians have nematocysts, also known as cnidocysts. The Golgi apparatus, which is made up of specialized cells called nematocytes or cnidocytes, produces these big organelles.

02

The explanation for the answer.

Nematocysts, also known as cnidoblasts, are produced by nematoblasts and are employed as a kind of defence or to trap and paralyze prey. Every nematocyst has a cylindrical, twisted thread with barbs or spines that is frequently tipped with poison. It escapes the capsule when sufficiently stimulated, poisoning or orienting the prey of the organism. Big jellyfish, like the Portuguese man-of-war, have venom that can be lethal to humans and cause shock, paralysis, or even death.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Cnidocytes are found in _____.

a. phylum Porifera

b. phylum Nemertea

c. phylum Nematoda

d. phylum Cnidaria

The rhynchocoel is a ________.

a. circulatory system

b. fluid-filled cavity

c. primitive excretory system

d. proboscis

The sister taxon of the Chordata is the _____.

a. Mollusca

b. Arthropoda

c. Ambulacraria

d. Rotifera

Most sponge body plans are slight variations on a simple tube-within-a-tube design. Which of the following is a key limitation of sponge body plans?

a. Sponges lack the specialized cell types needed to produce more complex body plans.

b. The reliance on osmosis/diffusion requires a design that maximizes the surface area to volume ratio of the sponge.

c. Choanocytes must be protected from the hostile exterior environment.

d. Spongin cannot support heavy bodies

How do terrestrial arthropods of the subphylum Hexapoda impact the world鈥檚 food supply? Provide at least two positives and two negative effects.
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