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A procedure known as nucleotide repair allows for the addition of the right base after removing the incorrect one. It is a significant step since it reduces genetic material errors in an individual.

DNA polymerase proofreading is the initial step in nucleotide error repair. In order to prevent translesion synthesis and to correct freshly created nucleotide incorporation mistakes from the primer terminus before further primer extension, DNA polymerases perform a process known as proofreading.

When problems in a nucleotide arise through incorrect base insertion, deletion, or incorporation, mismatch repair fixes the nucleotide. This procedure, which is strand-specific, takes place later in the repair mechanism. Mismatch repair is followed by nucleotide excision repair. Thymine dimers are molecular defects that don't affect the body's ability to mend itself.